<div dir="ltr"><div>Foley has explicitly stated he supports proportional representation before, including e.g. <a href="https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=4328642&utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email" target="_blank">here</a>. However, as he correctly points out, this doesn't work for Senators, Governors, and other single-seat elections. I'd also like to point out this really isn't how Condorcet (or approval, or anything else) really works: people on the left and right can absolutely still win elections, so long as they're popular in their own districts.</div><div><br></div><div>In other words, to win, a less-moderate candidate has to <i>earn it</i>, by having some other quality that's more important than their ideological fit to the electorate. <i>This is what makes ballot-reversal symmetry actually important</i><i>.</i> (The thing EVC keeps calling the "equal vote criterion", even though it's much more of an "equal shot criterion").<i> </i>Systems that fail reversal symmetry because they're bottom-heavy in rankings (e.g. Coombs' rule and antiplurality) are biased toward milquetoast centrists, because they focus on who generates opposition while ignoring positive support. Top-heavy rules like IRV or FPP are biased toward extremists, because they focus on support rather than opposition.</div></div><br><div class="gmail_quote"><div dir="ltr" class="gmail_attr">On Thu, Jun 26, 2025 at 11:21 AM Bob Richard [lists] via Election-Methods <<a href="mailto:election-methods@lists.electorama.com" target="_blank">election-methods@lists.electorama.com</a>> wrote:<br></div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><div>
<div><div>Edward B. (Ned) Foley is a law professor who has been promoting Condorcet compliance for quite a while now. For lots more, see his blog:</div><div><br></div><div><a href="https://edwardbfoley.substack.com/" target="_blank">https://edwardbfoley.substack.com/</a></div><div><br></div><div>If he could have his way, legislatures would consist exclusively of centrists, with no representation at all for people on the right or the left. What he advocates is the exact opposite of proportionality. But at least he's explicit about that.</div><div><br></div><div>--Bob Richard</div>
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<div>From "Hahn, Paul via Election-Methods" <<a href="mailto:election-methods@lists.electorama.com" target="_blank">election-methods@lists.electorama.com</a>></div>
<div>To "EM" <<a href="mailto:election-methods@lists.electorama.com" style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);font-size:12pt;margin:0px" target="_blank">election-methods@lists.electorama.com</a><span>></span></div>
<div>Date 6/26/2025 7:29:38 AM</div>
<div>Subject [EM] Condorcet mention in a relatively mainstream context</div></div><div><br></div>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><a href="https://electionlawblog.org/?p=150574" target="_blank">https://electionlawblog.org/?p=150574</a><u></u><u></u></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">Thoughts?<u></u><u></u></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">--pH<u></u><u></u></p>
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