<div><br></div><div><br><div class="gmail_quote"><div dir="ltr" class="gmail_attr">On Fri, Jul 19, 2024 at 15:11 Toby Pereira <<a href="mailto:tdp201b@yahoo.co.uk">tdp201b@yahoo.co.uk</a>> wrote:<br></div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex"><div><div></div>
<div dir="ltr">I will actually give a very simple example of why the distribution of voters per party does matter and how no deterministic method can be guaranteed to pass Ossipoff's measure of unbias with no prior knowledge of the distribution.</div><div dir="ltr"><br></div><div dir="ltr">Imagine you have a region with a stable and polarised electorate and 3/4 of the population always vote A, and 1/4 always vote B. And there are 5 seats on offer. You could give 3 seats to A and 2 to B, or 4 to A and 1 to B. A deterministic method will always give the same result, so whichever result the method picks, there will be a large or small party bias. A non-deterministic method could get round this though. Obviously Ossipoff could claim that this is a contrived distribution. Sure, but so is any distribution and you can't know a priori what distributions will be like in general. This is what I mean when I say that the "bias free" method relies on idealised conditions - conditions that aren't guaranteed in the real world.</div></div></blockquote><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">Should we laugh or cry?</div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">In Toby’s example, SL, BF, DH & EP (HH) all give the following seat-allocation:</div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">A: 4</div><div dir="auto">B: 1</div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">What’s this?! B should get 1/4 of the seats, but it only gets 1/5!</div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">Bias!!!</div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">Actually, no. As I said, Toby hasn’t a clue what bias is.</div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">As I carefully explained to Toby in the message that he’s “replying to”, bias is systematic, consistent disfavor, in s/v.</div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">Therefore, bias is NOT disproportion in a particular allocation.</div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">The abovestated allocation has DISPROPORTION. </div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">But, by definition, only an allocation-rule, & NOT a particular allocation, can have bias.</div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">Toby keeps repeating his blather, completely obliviously to what has been explained to him.</div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">Dunning-Kruger is vindicated & demonstrated again!</div><div dir="auto"><br></div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex"><div dir="ltr">One last point - when I talk about <span style="color:rgb(38,40,42);font-family:Helvetica Neue,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif">Sainte-Laguë being the best measure of proportionality, I have previously quoted Balinski and Peyton Young on this where they say:</span><br></div><div dir="ltr"><span><span style="color:rgb(38,40,42);font-family:Helvetica Neue,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif"><span><pre style="color:rgb(0,0,0)">"Webster's is the unique unbiased divisor method. It seems amazing therefore that Hill's method could have been chosen in 1941 on precisely the ground that it was the unbiased method, and that Webster's method was discarded."</pre></span>which Ossipoff has ignored. </span></span></div></blockquote><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">I didn’t ignore it. I merely pointed out that you’re misinterpreting what he meant.</div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">At the time when he said that, BF didn’t exist as an allocation-rule proposal. So, what he said was true at the time when he said it.</div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">Arguably it could be said now too, if the statement is understood to encompass only those allocation-rules that have been used for PR or apportionment.</div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">Among the divisor-methods that have ever been used, SL is the most unbiased & the only one remotely unbiased.</div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">HH/EP is about twice as biased as SL.</div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex"><div dir="ltr"><br></div><div dir="ltr"><br></div><div dir="ltr"><br></div><div dir="ltr"><br></div><div dir="auto"><br></div>
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On Friday 19 July 2024 at 10:26:28 BST, Toby Pereira <<a>tdp201b@yahoo.co.uk</a>> wrote:
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<div dir="ltr">I will reply in one block rather than line-by-line, as it might become a bit of a mess.</div><div dir="ltr"><br></div><div dir="ltr">If you are defining a specific sort of bias, you need to reiterate it in every post you use the term, or at least in every discussion thread. "Bias" is already a word in the English language and you do not have a monopoly over it. The form of bias I was talking about was *systemic* departure from proportionality in favour of small parties, not non-systemic as you dishonestly or ignorantly claim. I have been quite clear about this. I have also explained at length why <span>Sainte-Laguë is the single most reasonable measure of proportionality and not just any old allocation rule.</span></div><div dir="ltr"><br></div><div dir="ltr">What I was referring to in your post about originally accepting that assumptions were required was when you put "<span>If it is equally likely to find a party with its final quotient anywhere in </span><span>interval N</span>". Note the "if". This seemed to be the assumption that your unbiased method was dependent on. Is it not then?</div><div dir="ltr"><br></div><div dir="ltr">I've never doubted that your method has interesting theoretical properties under idealised conditions, but when you put things like "<span><span style="color:rgb(38,40,42);font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif">Bias-Free is entirely unbiased, without conditions</span></span>", you're claiming too much and it's simply wrong.</div><div dir="ltr"><br></div><div dir="ltr"><span><span style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:Helvetica Neue,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif">You could even demonstrate to people on this list how your method is unbiased, or provide a link to where you have done so, perhaps with some illuminating examples. Or maybe it's better to insult people. I don't know. It's a close call.</span></span><br></div><div dir="ltr"><br></div><div dir="ltr">You have a habit of falling out with people on this mailing list. When someone disagrees with you about something, it might be better to try and read and understand where they are coming from, rather than arrogantly assuming from the outset that they can't possibly have a point. Some of my points you have just replied to with insults, suggesting you have no rebuttal to them. Your lack of self-awareness is mind-boggling. The problem is not everybody else.</div><div dir="ltr"><br></div><div dir="ltr">Toby</div><div dir="ltr"><br></div><div dir="ltr"><br></div><div><br></div>
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On Friday 19 July 2024 at 06:11:52 BST, Michael Ossipoff <<a>email9648742@gmail.com</a>> wrote:
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<div><div id="m_1530671660152826263ydp126a6eebyiv7310896190"><div><div><br clear="none"></div><div><br clear="none"><div><div dir="ltr">On Wed, Jul 17, 2024 at 05:50 Toby Pereira <<a shape="rect" rel="nofollow">tdp201b@yahoo.co.uk</a>> wrote:<br clear="none"></div><blockquote style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left-width:1px;border-left-style:solid;padding-left:1ex;border-left-color:rgb(204,204,204)"><div><div style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px"><div style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif"></div>
<div dir="ltr" style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif">Nice try, but I'm not the one making such sweeping claims about the method so do not need to define the conditions under which any claims about it hold.</div></div></div></blockquote><div><br clear="none"></div><div>I defined bias, & told how BF is completely unbiased twice at EM. Once when I introduced it in (I believe) 2006, & again in September’23.</div><div><br clear="none"></div><div>No, you don’t have to define what conditions you’re talking about. But when someone can’t say what it is that they mean, it’s probably because they don’t know.</div><blockquote style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left-width:1px;border-left-style:solid;padding-left:1ex;border-left-color:rgb(204,204,204)"><div><div style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px"><div dir="ltr" style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif"></div><div dir="ltr" style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif"><br clear="none"></div><div dir="ltr" style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif">In any case, your "bias free" method certainly is not entirely unbiased without conditions as you claim. For one thing, by the measure that most people would reasonably see as the best measure of proportionality (the <span style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif">Sainte-Laguë measure), "bias free" favours small parties, so that in itself is a form of bias. </span></div></div></div></blockquote><div><br clear="none"></div><div>As I’ve surely mentioned, Toby hasn’t a clue what bias is. He’s continuing to confuse it with non-systematic departure from proportionality.</div><blockquote style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left-width:1px;border-left-style:solid;padding-left:1ex;border-left-color:rgb(204,204,204)"><div><div style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px"><div dir="ltr" style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif"></span></div></div></div></blockquote><blockquote style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left-width:1px;border-left-style:solid;padding-left:1ex;border-left-color:rgb(204,204,204)"><div><div style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px"><div dir="ltr" style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif"><br clear="none"></div><div style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif"><br clear="none"></div><div dir="ltr" style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif">But even by that measure, it can quite clearly be shown that any deterministic method (that doesn't award fractional seats, and perhaps other obvious background caveats), can end up biased, depending on how votes are distributed in terms of small/large parties. </div></div></div></blockquote><div><br clear="none"></div><div>There, Toby is confusing the proportionality of a particular allocation with the bias of an allocation-rule.</div><div><br clear="none"></div><blockquote style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left-width:1px;border-left-style:solid;padding-left:1ex;border-left-color:rgb(204,204,204)"><div><div style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px"><div dir="ltr" style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif">It's pretty obvious in fact. And back in 2012, you seemed to acknowledge that assumptions were required, but it appears you've forgotten that now. <a shape="rect" style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif">http://lists.electorama.com/pipermail/election-methods-electorama.com//2012-July/095996.html</a></div></div></div></blockquote><div><br clear="none"></div><div>I’m not entirely sure what Toby is referring to. Warren Smith was making claims about what he felt was needed for defining, measuring & minimizing bias. I’ve never heard of anyone agreeing with him on that.</div><div><br clear="none"></div><div>But, at first, I was willing to discuss how his requirements could be met.</div><div><br clear="none"></div><div>But at least 1 or 2 academic journal papers reported about BF, & one named it the Ossipoff-Agnew method.</div><div><br clear="none"></div><div>Agreement was expressed regarding its unbias.</div><blockquote style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left-width:1px;border-left-style:solid;padding-left:1ex;border-left-color:rgb(204,204,204)"><div><div style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px"><div dir="ltr" style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif"><a shape="rect" style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif"></a></div><div style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif"><br clear="none"></div><div dir="ltr" style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif">It is not clear in any case that a method that balances small parties and large parties in this manner is better than one that gives a more mathematically proportional result. E.g. if you have two small parties and two large parties, and the two large parties end up slightly overrepresented and the two small parties underrepresented, this is not necessarily any worse than having one of each over/underrepresented. </div></div></div></blockquote><div><br clear="none"></div><div>Again, completely clueless about what bias is, & the difference between bias & non-systematic disproportionately.</div><div><br clear="none"></div><div>Bias is worse, precisely because it consistently, systematically disfavors certain groups(large or small parties or states).</div><div><br clear="none"></div><div>These things have all been explained to Toby several times, but he’s still reopening exactly the same blather as always.</div><div><br clear="none"></div><div>Assertive, self-assured, & clueless.</div><div><br clear="none"></div><div>In other words, the perfect poster-child for the Dunning-Kruger effect.</div><div><br clear="none"></div><blockquote style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left-width:1px;border-left-style:solid;padding-left:1ex;border-left-color:rgb(204,204,204)"><div><div style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px"><div dir="ltr" style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif">You just have four separate parties, two of which end up overrepresented and two under. There's no coalition between parties of similar size so this balancing is not required.</div></div></div></blockquote><div><br clear="none"></div><div>…demonstrating tha whenever it seems that Toby has surely maxed-out, he outdoes himself again.</div><blockquote style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left-width:1px;border-left-style:solid;padding-left:1ex;border-left-color:rgb(204,204,204)"><div><div style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px"><div dir="ltr" style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif"></div><div dir="ltr" style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif"><br clear="none"></div><div dir="ltr" style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif">Perhaps if you continue with your incorrect claims, I will have to block you!</div></div></div></blockquote><div><br clear="none"></div><div>Yes, if that will shut you up.</div><blockquote style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left-width:1px;border-left-style:solid;padding-left:1ex;border-left-color:rgb(204,204,204)"><div id="m_1530671660152826263ydp126a6eebyiv7310896190yqtfd43429"><div><div style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px"><div dir="ltr" style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif"></div></div></div></div></blockquote><div id="m_1530671660152826263ydp126a6eebyiv7310896190yqtfd76931"><blockquote style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left-width:1px;border-left-style:solid;padding-left:1ex;border-left-color:rgb(204,204,204)"><div><div style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px"><div dir="ltr" style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif"></div><div dir="ltr" style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif"><br clear="none"></div><div dir="ltr" style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif">Toby</div><div style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif"><br clear="none"></div><div dir="ltr" style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif"><br clear="none"></div><div style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif"><br clear="none"></div>
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On Tuesday 16 July 2024 at 15:26:37 BST, Michael Ossipoff <<a shape="rect" style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif">email9648742@gmail.com</a>> wrote:
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<div style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif"><div id="m_1530671660152826263ydp126a6eebyiv7310896190m_2195529209729129312ydpe5cdeeb3yiv9306697726" style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif"><div style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif"><div style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif">Oops!!! Toby forgot to say what conditions he was referring to. </div><div style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif"><br clear="none"></div><div style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif">Bias-Free is entirely unbiased, without conditions.</div><div style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif"><br clear="none"></div><div style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif">I propose Saint-Lague (SL), because of its natural intuitive obviousness, & it’s near-unbias.</div><div style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif"><br clear="none"></div><div style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif">Bias-Free (BF) is a refinement that I’d offer as a possibility for later.</div><div id="m_1530671660152826263ydp126a6eebyiv7310896190m_2195529209729129312ydpe5cdeeb3yiv9306697726yqt78863" style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif"><div style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif"><br clear="none"><div style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif"><div dir="ltr" style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif">On Tue, Jul 16, 2024 at 06:04 Toby Pereira <<a shape="rect" style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif">tdp201b@yahoo.co.uk</a>> wrote:<br clear="none"></div><blockquote style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left-width:1px;border-left-style:solid;padding-left:1ex;font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;border-left-color:rgb(204,204,204)"><div style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif"><div style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px"><div style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif"></div>
<div dir="ltr" style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif">It is worth noting that the method Ossipoff declares to be "bias free" is only so under a very specific set of assumptions.</div><div dir="ltr" style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif"><br clear="none"></div><div dir="ltr" style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif">Toby</div><div style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif"><br clear="none"></div>
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On Monday 15 July 2024 at 04:38:35 BST, Michael Ossipoff <<a shape="rect" style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif">email9648742@gmail.com</a>> wrote:
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<div style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif"><div id="m_1530671660152826263ydp126a6eebyiv7310896190m_2195529209729129312ydpe5cdeeb3yiv9306697726m_-3350527419449377950ydpeed14f2fyiv6036480793" style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif">There was interest in a poll about PR. But I feel that first the PR methods should be tried, used, in a poll with the actual candidates & parties.<div style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif"><br clear="none"></div><div style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif">As I mentioned before, there’s no substitute for the experience of actually using the electoral methods in polls. You don’t know the methods until you use them.</div><div style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif"><br clear="none"></div><div style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif">So I propose a 3-part poll. …presidential & PR:<br clear="none"></div><div style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif"><br clear="none"></div><div style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif">1. A Condorcet presidential-poll with 7 candidates + the approval-line. As others have mentioned, of course it could be counted by any rank-count that allows equal-ranking. But of course RP(wv) won here as the most collectively popular, & so its winner should be reported.</div><div style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif"><br clear="none"></div><div style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif">The approval-line of course would allow counting by methods that use explicit-approval.</div><div style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif"><br clear="none"></div><div style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif">…in addition to by the zero-cost implementation method.</div><div style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif"><br clear="none"></div><div style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif">2. A 3-seat STV poll among the same set of candidates as in the presidential-poll.</div><div style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif"><br clear="none"></div><div style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif">…as if we were electing a 3-person presidential triumvirate, or seats in some 3-member district in which those candidates are running.</div><div style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif"><br clear="none"></div><div style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif">Of course the STV rankings could be counted by any STV version, & integer STV is (in some ways) an easier count. But fractional STV is the unarbitrary STV that doesn’t require a rule or randomizing-process for the order in which ballots transfer.</div><div style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif"><br clear="none"></div><div style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif">Of course, because the STV doesn’t allow equal-rankin, then its ballots also could & would also be counted for an RCV count.</div><div style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif"><br clear="none"></div><div style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif">Of course if someone wanted to vote different rankings for STV & RCV, then they could write both & indicate which is which.</div><div style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif"><br clear="none"></div><div style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif">3. A 500-seat at-large party-PR allocation election. Of course voters vote for their favorite party, & seats are allocate to the parties in proportion to their votes.</div><div style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif"><br clear="none"></div><div style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif">Reported will be: allocations by:</div><div style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif"><br clear="none"></div><div style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif">Sainte-Lague, Bias-Free (Ossipoff-Agnew), d’Hondt, Largest-Remainder, & Huntington-Hill (“Equal-Proportions”).</div><div style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif"><br clear="none"></div><div style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif">SL & BF probably won’t differ from eachother.</div><div style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif"><br clear="none"></div><div style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif">————-</div><div style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif"><br clear="none"></div><div style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif">For the party-PR SL & BF allocation of 500 seats, the requirement for a party being seated 🪑 is about 1/7 of one percent of the vote.</div><div style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif"><br clear="none"></div><div style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif">For the 3-seat STV allocation, the requirement is being over 1/4 of the vote.</div><div style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif"><br clear="none"></div><div style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif">————-</div><div style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif"><br clear="none"></div><div style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif">SL, in actual implementations, requires .7 quotas for a party’s 1st seat. That’s to thwart, prevent & discourage splitting-strategy, which could otherwise sometimes be advantageous if the conditions were detected.</div><div style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif"><br clear="none"></div><div style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif">Because BF & SL give often the same allocation, then BF should have that same requirement.</div><div style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif"><br clear="none"></div><div style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif">That’s taken into account for the abovestated requirement for a party to be seated.</div><div style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif"><br clear="none"></div><div style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif">—————- </div><div style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif"><br clear="none"></div><div style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif">Candidates for presidential & STV elections:</div><div style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif"><br clear="none"></div><div style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif">(These listings are alphabetical.)</div><div style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif"><br clear="none"></div><div style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif">Joe Biden</div><div style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif">RFK Jr.</div><div style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif">Chase Oliver</div><div style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif">Jill Stein</div><div style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif">Donald Trump</div><div style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif">Cornell West</div><div style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif">Marianne Williamson </div><div style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif">approval-line———————</div><div style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif">———————</div><div style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif">Parties for party-PR election:</div><div style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif"><br clear="none"></div><div style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif">American Independent </div><div style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif">American Solidarity </div><div style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif">Constitution </div><div style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif">Democrat</div><div style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif">Green</div><div style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif">Libertarian </div><div style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif">Peace & Freedom</div><div style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif">Working Family </div><div style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif">—————</div><div style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif">Of course if this poll is going to happen, then additional nominations should be allowed. But we probably don’t need a week or two for that.</div><div style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif">Surely any additional nominations would be made within 2 days. So let’s say that the period for optional additional nominations ends exactly 48 hours after this message posts.</div><div style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif"><br clear="none"></div><div style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif">…& that the voting period begins at that same moment.</div><div style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif"><br clear="none"></div><div style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif">We don’t need a month for the voting-period, do we? Shall we say 1 week if there’s no electioneering, & 2 weeks if there’s electioneering?</div><div style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif"><br clear="none"></div><div style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif">Anyone can change any of their ballots during the voting period.</div><div style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif">————</div><div style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif">Of course if this poll happens, & if no one else volunteers to take the responsibility of recording the ballots, then I’ll do so. …then of course will unblock the people I’ve blocked, for that purpose.</div><div style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif">————-</div><div style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif">It goes without saying that anything about the details of this poll could be objected-to, & then, if others support the objection, then discussion would be called-for. </div><div style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif"><br clear="none"></div><div style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif">It’s always best to avoid the delay caused by a procedural vote, & so hopefully there will be a consensus agreement. …or at least it will be informally-obvious which position is supported or acceptable to the most people, based on opinions expressed.</div><div style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif"><br clear="none"></div><div style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif">An RP(wv) vote would be a reluctant last-resort. Anyone could call for it if consensus were adamantly refused & no position seemed to clearly have more support or acceptance.</div><div style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif"><br clear="none"></div><div style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif">Hopefully none of that will be necessary, but it’s good to have it mentioned for contingency.</div><div style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif">————-</div><div style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif">As the proposer of the poll, I should vote first, immediately at the beginning of the voting-period. I don’t know if anyone will participate, but, because there was participation in the previous poll, & because people have suggested a PR poll, & because there’s no substitute for using the electoral methods…then I’ll proceed on the assumption that there’s interest & that there might be participation.</div><div style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif"><br clear="none"></div><div style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif">If the poll doesn’t happen, it won’t be because I didn’t try to start it.</div><div style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif"><br clear="none"></div><div style="font-family:Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif"><br clear="none"></div>
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