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<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:16.0pt;font-family:"Arial Rounded MT Bold"">With
regard to assumptions, the usual distinction between determinism
and statistics
can confuse rather than clarify an issue. Determinism can simply
mean there is
the assumption that there is a right or definitive value.
Whereas statistics is
merely meant to mean that there is no sure right value but only
an estimate of
value, some estimates being better than others.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:16.0pt;font-family:"Arial Rounded MT Bold"">Roughly
speaking, this is the journey that physics has traveled from
classical
mechanics to quantum mechanics.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:16.0pt;font-family:"Arial Rounded MT Bold"">But
it need not apply just to the latter. Engineers are said to be
already familiar
with the Heisenberg uncertainty principle. (And Paul Dirac, who
first related
quantum theory to special relativity, was an engineer.)</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:16.0pt;font-family:"Arial Rounded MT Bold"">In
the case of special relativity, traditionally regarded as a
classical theory,
it turns out that the “deterministic” variables of the theory
are really
implicit averages. But the ranges, of which they are averages,
remain implicit,
except in the realm of high-energy physics.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:16.0pt;font-family:"Arial Rounded MT Bold"">Likewise
with a deterministic assumption in election method that there is
some
definitive value of election results, rather than just a process
of arriving at
better estimates.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:16.0pt;font-family:"Arial Rounded MT Bold"">The
“Condorcet winner” is a case in point. I found it worked at
least as well as Borda
method for single vacancies,(the two rational methods agreed
unlike their unrational counterparts) even for a very finely
balanced vote for the
candidates, provided the Condorcet pairings were proportionally
weighted to the
respective votes for paired candidates. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:16.0pt;font-family:"Arial Rounded MT Bold"">But
I guessed the reason for this was
that in the case of single vacancies, a single preference is all
that is
required. Thus, the order of importance, that voters attach to
the candidates,
is of minimal importance, because only one candidate will be
elected anyway.
Therefore, it matters more that one try out all the logical
alternatives, of
single candidate preference, for a Condorcet winner.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:16.0pt;font-family:"Arial Rounded MT Bold"">But
in multi-member constituencies, the order of importance, to the
voters, becomes
more and more important, the more seats there are in the
constituency. And as
the Condorcet winner does not take into account this range of
relative choice,
it becomes less and less relevant, to more multi-member
constituencies.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:16.0pt;font-family:"Arial Rounded MT Bold"">Regards,</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:16.0pt;font-family:"Arial Rounded MT Bold"">Richard
Lung.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:16.0pt;font-family:"Arial Rounded MT Bold""><br>
</span></p>
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