<div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><div dir="auto">Which is fine by me if that’s truly who the voters want, but it seems like a stretch to me to say that approval solves the lesser-evil problem.</div></blockquote><div>The reason it solves the lesser-evil problem is because it satisfies the honest favorite (sincere favorite, no favorite betrayal) criterion. Essentially, what this means is that there is no reason not to place your favorite candidate first on the ballot. That means you don't have to compromise your values to have an effective vote.</div><div><br></div><div>I suppose you're right that if most people continue to approve of a lesser evil, that evil would still win. But then we have to ask, "evil according to who?" Approval solves the lesser evil problem, <i>according to the voters themselves</i>: the voters never have an incentive to pretend a lesser evil is their favorite candidate.</div><div><br></div><div>It also means that if most voters agree that a candidate Bob is non-evil, but all of his opponents are different degrees of evil, Bob is guaranteed to win: you just have to approve of him. This doesn't conflict with approving of some lesser-evils as well. At that point, voters will see that Bob is picking up steam and can win, and will drop their approval of non-Bob candidates as soon as he looks like a frontrunner. </div><div><br></div><div>Unfortunately, approval voting can't solve the issue of bad voters who approve of evil (no voting system can). But what it <i>can</i> do is guarantee that if voters are unhappy with their options, they can choose another one that's better, without being afraid of wasting their vote as a result.</div><div><br></div><div>See also Myerson and Weber's 1990 paper, showing that score/approval voting always have a Condorcet (most-loved, majority-rule) winner as a stable Nash equilibrium. (This is unlike plurality, IRV, or other systems that fails sincere favorite: for these systems, a popular candidate can end up being crushed, just because everyone thinks they have no chance of winning. This actually happened just 2 years after the paper was published, with polls showing Ross Perot could have beat either Bush or Gore one-on-one, but he lost because everyone thought he had no hope of winning. Ironically, that means Bush was a spoiler for Perot, not the other way around.)</div></div></div><br><div class="gmail_quote"><div dir="ltr" class="gmail_attr">On Sun, Mar 24, 2024 at 1:12 AM Michael Garman <<a href="mailto:michael.garman@rankthevote.us">michael.garman@rankthevote.us</a>> wrote:<br></div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><div dir="auto"><br clear="all">Perhaps…but this assumes that everyone values the same candidates the same. The polls that show that near-majorities of Americans want a third party are often taken out of context by people who don’t take into account that everyone wants a different third party — I want a socialist party, some people want a centrist party, others want a libertarian party, still others want a full-fledged Nazi party, etc etc. If most people approve one third party candidate and one “lesser evil,” we get lesser evil again. </div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">Which is fine by me if that’s truly who the voters want, but it seems like a stretch to me to say that approval solves the lesser-evil problem. </div><div><div class="gmail_quote"><div dir="ltr" class="gmail_attr">On Sun, Mar 24, 2024 at 2:42 AM Michael Ossipoff <<a href="mailto:email9648742@gmail.com" target="_blank">email9648742@gmail.com</a>> wrote:<br></div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><div dir="auto">Sorry, one more comment, in answer to a frequent criticism:</div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">In Approval:</div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">If some or many people approve an unfavorite lesser-evil “compromise” (many are going to make the mistake of voting for one in November), then pretty much everyone who approves him also approves better candidates too.</div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">But those better candidates will also be approved by people, including me, who would never approve that evil.</div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">…& so a better candidate wins & the evil loses.</div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div><br><div class="gmail_quote"><div dir="ltr" class="gmail_attr">On Sat, Mar 23, 2024 at 18:30 Michael Ossipoff <<a href="mailto:email9648742@gmail.com" target="_blank">email9648742@gmail.com</a>> wrote:<br></div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><div dir="auto">Addendum:</div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">In the Approval-result, I should have added that there’s no sincere-vs-strategic issue.</div><div><br><div class="gmail_quote"><div dir="ltr" class="gmail_attr">On Sat, Mar 23, 2024 at 18:27 Michael Ossipoff <<a href="mailto:email9648742@gmail.com" target="_blank">email9648742@gmail.com</a>> wrote:<br></div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">Approval maximizes the number of people pleasantly-surprised, &/or the number who get something they like.<div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">Condorcet:</div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">“This complicated automatic-machine will legalistically tell us who has the right to get their way.”</div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">Score:</div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">Robert is right, that people can’t be expected to rate sincerely (merit-proportionate) in Score when something is at-stake.</div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">But in polls where nothing material is at-stake, & when people would rather find out how liked their favorite is—instead of falsifying to make people believe that their favorite is most-liked—then people will rate merit-proportionate, & score will meaningfully measure overall merit.</div>
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