<div dir="ltr">All Condorcet methods have strong strategy resistance in practice for public elections because public elections will almost always have a Condorcet Winner, and it will be difficult to predict when they won't. By far the most reliable strategy in practice for a public election with any Condorcet method is honesty.</div><br><div class="gmail_quote"><div dir="ltr" class="gmail_attr">On Thu, Jan 11, 2024 at 10:45 AM <<a href="mailto:election-methods-request@lists.electorama.com">election-methods-request@lists.electorama.com</a>> wrote:<br></div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left-width:1px;border-left-style:solid;border-left-color:rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">Send Election-Methods mailing list submissions to<br>
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Today's Topics:<br>
<br>
1. Re: Why no Condorcet proposals? (Michael Ossipoff)<br>
2. Re: Why no Condorcet proposals? (Andrew Myers)<br>
3. Autodeterrence introduction & definitions (Michael Ossipoff)<br>
<br>
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Message: 1<br>
Date: Thu, 11 Jan 2024 09:03:29 -0800<br>
From: Michael Ossipoff <<a href="mailto:email9648742@gmail.com" target="_blank">email9648742@gmail.com</a>><br>
To: "Bob Richard [lists]" <<a href="mailto:lists001@robertjrichard.com" target="_blank">lists001@robertjrichard.com</a>><br>
Cc: <a href="mailto:election-methods@electorama.com" target="_blank">election-methods@electorama.com</a><br>
Subject: Re: [EM] Why no Condorcet proposals?<br>
Message-ID:<br>
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<br>
Nanson has precedent, but it doesn?t have the simplicity of some of the<br>
other Condorcet-compliant methods.<br>
<br>
?& how does Nanson do by freedom from need for defensive-strategy (against<br>
offensive-strategy)?<br>
<br>
Achieving the best strategy-free-ness is the goal of Condorcet.<br>
<br>
On Wed, Jan 10, 2024 at 12:08 Bob Richard [lists] <<br>
<a href="mailto:lists001@robertjrichard.com" target="_blank">lists001@robertjrichard.com</a>> wrote:<br>
<br>
> A Condorcet-compliant method, Nanson, was used in the small city of<br>
> Marquette, Michigan in the 1920s. It would be very instructive to learn why<br>
> it was repealed. I have never seen anything more than a passing mention of<br>
> this episode, so this research would probably involve traveling to<br>
> Marquette and rummaging around in newspaper archives, county election<br>
> records and the public library. On the other hand, this part of Michigan is<br>
> a beautiful place to visit. Any takers?<br>
><br>
> --Bob Richard<br>
><br>
> ------ Original Message ------<br>
> From "Michael Ossipoff" <<a href="mailto:email9648742@gmail.com" target="_blank">email9648742@gmail.com</a>><br>
> To "EM list" <<a href="mailto:election-methods@electorama.com" target="_blank">election-methods@electorama.com</a>><br>
> Date 1/10/2024 11:34:57 AM<br>
> Subject [EM] Why no Condorcet proposals?<br>
><br>
> That question was recently asked.<br>
><br>
> Condorcet has many versions, & there?s no agreement on that matter.<br>
><br>
> So Condorcet doesn?t have any enactment-projects, or even an organization.<br>
><br>
> Condorcet was computationally infeasible for more than a few candidates,<br>
> in the days when Hare began being adopted a century ago. Hence its<br>
> particularly great unfamiliarity.<br>
><br>
> Those things are regrettable, because only Condorcet can fully reassure<br>
> our thoroughly-conditioned lesser-evil voters that they needn?t too-vote an<br>
> evil.<br>
><br>
> How about proposing Condorcet in your community, & demonstrating it in<br>
> various nonpolitical votes.<br>
><br>
> Sometimes a city, county or state governing-body will outright enact a<br>
> voting-system reform. That?s happened for RCV.<br>
><br>
> ?or maybe would order & schedule a referendum, as has likewise happened<br>
> for RCV.<br>
><br>
> But, as a last-resort, one could advertise on bulletin-boards, online, in<br>
> the classifieds, etc., to convene a Condorcet enactment committee, for the<br>
> pursuit of an initiative.<br>
><br>
> Suggest, to them, a few of the simpler & long-discussed versions, such as:<br>
><br>
> MinMax(wv)<br>
> CW, Implicit-Approval (CW, IA).<br>
><br>
> Neither needs mention of the Smith-set or cycles.<br>
><br>
> Both thwart offensive-truncation, & deter burial if people use the<br>
> defensive-strategy of refusing to rank anyone they don?t like & don?t wish<br>
> to beat the CW via burial.<br>
><br>
> That committee could then conduct focus-groups, in person or online, to<br>
> find out which Condorcet version would have the best chance of<br>
> initiative-enactment.<br>
><br>
> Obviously Approval would be the best voting-system by which for that<br>
> focus-group to vote among the proposals. Participants should be asked to<br>
> approve (only) the proposal(s) that they?d support in an initiative.<br>
><br>
><br>
><br>
><br>
><br>
><br>
><br>
> ----<br>
> Election-Methods mailing list - see <a href="https://electorama.com/em" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank">https://electorama.com/em</a> for list<br>
> info<br>
><br>
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Message: 2<br>
Date: Thu, 11 Jan 2024 12:12:40 -0500<br>
From: Andrew Myers <<a href="mailto:acm22@cornell.edu" target="_blank">acm22@cornell.edu</a>><br>
To: <a href="mailto:election-methods@lists.electorama.com" target="_blank">election-methods@lists.electorama.com</a><br>
Subject: Re: [EM] Why no Condorcet proposals?<br>
Message-ID: <<a href="mailto:f2adc5e2-f756-4757-aeeb-e752e34c6983@cornell.edu" target="_blank">f2adc5e2-f756-4757-aeeb-e752e34c6983@cornell.edu</a>><br>
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<br>
On 1/10/24 5:07 PM, Kristofer Munsterhjelm wrote:<br>
> On 2024-01-10 21:07, Bob Richard [lists] wrote:<br>
>> A Condorcet-compliant method, Nanson, was used in the small city of <br>
>> Marquette, Michigan in the 1920s. It would be very instructive to <br>
>> learn why it was repealed. I have never seen anything more than a <br>
>> passing mention of this episode, so this research would probably <br>
>> involve traveling to Marquette and rummaging around in newspaper <br>
>> archives, county election records and the public library. On the <br>
>> other hand, this part of Michigan is a beautiful place to visit. Any <br>
>> takers?<br>
><br>
> In addition, regarding Condorcet methods in actual use, Schulze has <br>
> been used by a bunch of organizations, and in referenda in a Spanish <br>
> city. <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schulze_method#Usage" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schulze_method#Usage</a><br>
><br>
> My impression is that Schulze got its relatively popularity by first <br>
> being adopted by technology-conscious organizations like Debian and <br>
> Wikimedia, and then filtering down from there.<br>
><br>
><br>
> Nanson has also been used by the University of Adelaide and the <br>
> University of Melbourne. University elections aren't the same thing as <br>
> public ones and the circumstances do differ, but perhaps figuring out <br>
> why they were repealed there would give at least some idea?<br>
><br>
> (Then again, perhaps not; see my confused surprise at the reasoning <br>
> the UBC Alma Mater Society gave for abandoning Ranked Pairs.)<br>
><br>
> -km<br>
<br>
The CIVS voting system is routinely used (and has been for years) by a <br>
variety of organizations to decide leadership questions: especially <br>
open-source organizations and universities. Randomly grabbing a few <br>
recent ones:<br>
<br>
The Linux Foundation<br>
OpenStack<br>
Bytecode Alliance<br>
Kubeflow<br>
Lubuntu<br>
<br>
SUNY Fredonia<br>
College of William and Mary<br>
<br>
Of course, it gets used for many other less consequential decisions, <br>
with more than 35,000 polls run so far.<br>
<br>
The default rule CIVS uses is Minimax but it also supports Schulze and <br>
other methods.<br>
<br>
-- Andrew<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
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<br>
Message: 3<br>
Date: Thu, 11 Jan 2024 13:45:16 -0500<br>
From: Michael Ossipoff <<a href="mailto:email9648742@gmail.com" target="_blank">email9648742@gmail.com</a>><br>
To: EM list <<a href="mailto:election-methods@electorama.com" target="_blank">election-methods@electorama.com</a>><br>
Subject: [EM] Autodeterrence introduction & definitions<br>
Message-ID:<br>
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<br>
I recently posted some autodeterrence suggestions, but I didn?t *introduce*<br>
autodeterrence in that post, & I didn?t define my terms. So I?d like to do<br>
that now:<br>
<br>
?<br>
<br>
The only meaningful objection to Condorcet is that it?s subject to<br>
offensive strategy, by ?buria? (offensive order-reversal) & by offensive<br>
truncation.<br>
<br>
?<br>
<br>
The wv Condorcet methods, such as MinMax(wv) & Schulze, thwart & deter<br>
offensive-strategy as I?ve described. But, as I?ve mentioned, because I<br>
regard the elections as dichotomous, I?d use wv Condorcet as Approval, with<br>
all-or-nothing voting, voting Unacceptables at bottom & Acceptables at<br>
top?& maybe some or many lesser-evil voters would likewise vote Lesser-Evil<br>
at top.<br>
<br>
?<br>
<br>
So maybe even wv Condorcet would retain some lesser-evil problem.<br>
<br>
?<br>
<br>
That?s why autodeterrence is desirable. It probabilistically deters<br>
offensive strategy by making it more likely to backfire than to succeed.<br>
<br>
?<br>
<br>
Of course the merit of an autodeterrent method is measured by this ratio of<br>
probabilities:<br>
<br>
?<br>
<br>
p(backfire)/p(succeed).<br>
<br>
?<br>
<br>
Forest Simmons & I have proposed a number of autodeterrent methods.<br>
<br>
?<br>
<br>
Let me state some definitions that I neglected to state before. Some are<br>
already well-known, but I should state them all for completelness:<br>
<br>
,,,<br>
<br>
CW means Condorcet-winner, a candidate who pairwise-beats each of the<br>
others. Voted CW is the CW according to the ballots. Sincere CW is the CW<br>
under sincere-voting.<br>
<br>
?<br>
<br>
BF means Buriers? Favorite.<br>
<br>
?<br>
<br>
Bus means the candidate under whom the buriers bury CW, & who consequently<br>
pairbeats CW.<br>
<br>
?<br>
<br>
CW, BF & Bus are the ?principles? of the top-cycle.<br>
<br>
?<br>
<br>
There of course can be more than one Bus, because the CW could be buried<br>
under several candidates who all pairbeat hir.<br>
<br>
?<br>
<br>
wv means winning-votes. ?the number of voters who vote for the defeater<br>
over the defeated in a pairwise-defeat.<br>
<br>
?<br>
<br>
lv means losing-votes, the number of voters who vote for the defeated over<br>
the defeated in a pairwise-defeat.<br>
<br>
?<br>
<br>
Pairwise-support for X means the number of voters voting X over Y in a<br>
pairwise defeat of one over the other.<br>
<br>
?<br>
<br>
A candidaes? Top means the Topcount, the number of voters top-ranking hir.<br>
<br>
?<br>
<br>
A candidates?s IA stands for Implicit-Approval, which means the number of<br>
voters ranking hir.<br>
<br>
?<br>
<br>
A candidate?s Mid stands for Midcount, which means IA minus Topcount. Mid<br>
is relevant because, though IA is relevant, Top is unaffected by<br>
offensive-strategy, & therefore spoils the usefulness of IA as a clue.<br>
<br>
?<br>
<br>
However Top is still a clue, because it suggests who is likely CW.<br>
<br>
?<br>
<br>
The Clues are the quantities that are used as indicators of who is the Bus.<br>
They consist of Top, Mid, Borda, lv & wv..& maybe others.<br>
<br>
?<br>
<br>
The ?Uses? are ways of using some of the clues to judge who is probably the<br>
Bus.<br>
<br>
?<br>
<br>
So autodeterrent methods consist of, & can be denoted as:<br>
<br>
?<br>
<br>
Use(clue(s)).<br>
<br>
?<br>
<br>
I listed a number of autodeterrent proposals?some mine, some Forest?s.<br>
<br>
?<br>
<br>
GWAGL was Forest?s idea, & so was the 1st autodetrent proposal. So was Mid,<br>
& the use of some of the other clues.<br>
<br>
?<br>
<br>
I should add that Borda of any kind, including Borda(<=) isn?t so useful<br>
as-is, because it includes a part of the score based on Topcount. ?&, as I<br>
mentioned, Topcount is unaffected by offensive-strategy & therefore dilutes<br>
the relevance of a clue.<br>
<br>
?<br>
<br>
?&, contrary to what I suggested before, Borda, by itself, wouldn?t do.<br>
Borda(=<)would result in lesser-evil voters top-ranking an evil.<br>
<br>
?<br>
<br>
So, as a clue, not as a stand-alone method, better would be Borda minus its<br>
Topcount part. ?or, better yet, just use Mid instead of Borda. ?for when<br>
only the top-cycle is looked-at, where (as is most likely) the one or more<br>
cycles only consist of 3 candidates.<br>
<br>
?<br>
<br>
There?s no need to repeat my previous listing of autodeterrent proposals,<br>
because, other than what I?ve said in this post, I?m not making any change<br>
in those already-listed proposals.<br>
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</blockquote></div>