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    <p>Toby,<br>
      <br>
      According to one definition of a "clone" is that they all get the
      same rating on a ratings ballot. STAR has ratings ballots that in
      the final stage it interprets<br>
      as ranking ballots.  Voters can't make any ranking distinction
      among candidates they score the same.<br>
      <br>
      This would be much less egregious if many many more scores were
      available, say 0- 10000.<br>
      <br>
      The Clone-Loser thing enabling a clone of the score-winner that
      pairwise loses to the score runner-up to displace the score
      runner-up out of the final<br>
      is relatively benign.<br>
      <br>
      If we define clones as candidates that are voted together on all
      ballots with the minimum score distinction needed to make ranking
      distinction among them,<br>
      then the method fails Clone-Winner.<br>
      <br>
      Frankly I can't see any place for "proportional" anything in
      single-winner method.  The point of  STAR is that it is very
      simple so people can understand how it<br>
      works and on-the-surface seems more-or-less benign and
      "democratic", and it isn't IRV which is much much better.<br>
      <br>
      It isn't something that anyone serious looks at with a view to
      "improving" it with some relatively complicated kludge.<br>
      <br>
      Chris<br>
    </p>
    <div class="moz-cite-prefix">On 21/08/2023 10:20 pm, Toby Pereira
      wrote:<br>
    </div>
    <blockquote type="cite"
      cite="mid:731928526.2863001.1692622250219@mail.yahoo.com">
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        <div dir="ltr" data-setdir="false">Chris</div>
        <div dir="ltr" data-setdir="false"><br>
        </div>
        <div dir="ltr" data-setdir="false">I thought one of your big
          problems with STAR was the cloning thing. So the fact that
          score ballots might jeopardise the clone run-off would be a
          good thing wouldn't it?</div>
        <div dir="ltr" data-setdir="false"><br>
        </div>
        <div dir="ltr" data-setdir="false">Your approval opposition
          run-off is perhaps similar in outlook to what I suggested
          previously about using a sequential proportional method to
          elect two candidates to the run-off. Except that I would deal
          with clones by allowing a single candidate (or their exact
          clone depending on how you want to define it) to win both
          seats in the run-off. In the case where single candidate has
          so much support that they could win the first two seats in a
          proportional election, it would be deemed that no run-off is
          needed.</div>
        <div dir="ltr" data-setdir="false"><br>
        </div>
        <div dir="ltr" data-setdir="false">Toby</div>
        <div><br>
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      <div id="ydp21176648yahoo_quoted_3064173332"
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        <div style="font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial,
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          <div> On Monday, 21 August 2023 at 13:38:45 BST, C.Benham
            <a class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E" href="mailto:cbenham@adam.com.au"><cbenham@adam.com.au></a> wrote: </div>
          <div><br>
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                <p>Toby,<br clear="none">
                  <br clear="none">
                </p>
                <blockquote type="cite">Also a run-off between the most
                  two approved candidates still has STAR's clone
                  problem.</blockquote>
                <br clear="none">
                Some years ago I suggested that 2-round Top-Two Runoff 
                could be improved by using approval ballots in the first
                round<br clear="none">
                and then having a runoff between the most approved
                candidate (the AW) and the candidate with the most
                approval opposition<br clear="none">
                to the AW (i.e. is most approved on ballots that don't
                approve the AW).<br clear="none">
                <br clear="none">
                <blockquote type="cite">If the most approved candidate
                  is cloned, the run-off becomes irrelevant.
                  <div dir="ltr"><br clear="none">
                  </div>
                </blockquote>
                Spoken like someone who lives in parliamentist country.
                "Clones" aren't necessarily identical.  There could be
                slight political differences<br clear="none">
                or one may be less corrupt, or one could just have a
                much better haircut.<br clear="none">
                <br clear="none">
                Parties being having incentive to each field two
                candidates (even if they are "clones") is maybe not too
                bad.  But STAR uses score ballots<br clear="none">
                so there is a danger that there being two candidates
                from the same party might cause voters to not give both
                of them max score enough<br clear="none">
                to stop both of them from making the final.<br
                  clear="none">
                <br clear="none">
                <blockquote type="cite">However, I just don't think that
                  STAR's failure here can reasonably be called a
                  monotonicity failure.</blockquote>
                <p>I think it is very much like one and it's claiming of
                  bragging rights on that point over IRV is unfair and
                  misleading.<br clear="none">
                  <br clear="none">
                  Chris<br clear="none">
                  <br clear="none">
                  <br clear="none">
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