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        <div dir="ltr" data-setdir="false">Chris</div><div dir="ltr" data-setdir="false"><br></div><div dir="ltr" data-setdir="false">I thought one of your big problems with STAR was the cloning thing. So the fact that score ballots might jeopardise the clone run-off would be a good thing wouldn't it?</div><div dir="ltr" data-setdir="false"><br></div><div dir="ltr" data-setdir="false">Your approval opposition run-off is perhaps similar in outlook to what I suggested previously about using a sequential proportional method to elect two candidates to the run-off. Except that I would deal with clones by allowing a single candidate (or their exact clone depending on how you want to define it) to win both seats in the run-off. In the case where single candidate has so much support that they could win the first two seats in a proportional election, it would be deemed that no run-off is needed.</div><div dir="ltr" data-setdir="false"><br></div><div dir="ltr" data-setdir="false">Toby</div><div><br></div>
        
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                    On Monday, 21 August 2023 at 13:38:45 BST, C.Benham <cbenham@adam.com.au> wrote:
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    <p>Toby,<br clear="none">
      <br clear="none">
      </p><blockquote type="cite">Also a run-off between the most two
        approved candidates still has STAR's clone problem.</blockquote>
      <br clear="none">
      Some years ago I suggested that 2-round Top-Two Runoff  could be
      improved by using approval ballots in the first round<br clear="none">
      and then having a runoff between the most approved candidate (the
      AW) and the candidate with the most approval opposition<br clear="none">
      to the AW (i.e. is most approved on ballots that don't approve the
      AW).<br clear="none">
      <br clear="none">
      <blockquote type="cite">If the most approved candidate is cloned,
        the run-off becomes irrelevant.
        <div dir="ltr"><br clear="none">
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      Spoken like someone who lives in parliamentist country. "Clones"
      aren't necessarily identical.  There could be slight political
      differences<br clear="none">
      or one may be less corrupt, or one could just have a much better
      haircut.<br clear="none">
      <br clear="none">
      Parties being having incentive to each field two candidates (even
      if they are "clones") is maybe not too bad.  But STAR uses score
      ballots<br clear="none">
      so there is a danger that there being two candidates from the same
      party might cause voters to not give both of them max score enough<br clear="none">
      to stop both of them from making the final.<br clear="none">
      <br clear="none">
      <blockquote type="cite">However, I just don't think that STAR's
        failure here can reasonably be called a monotonicity failure.</blockquote>
    
    <p>I think it is very much like one and it's claiming of bragging
      rights on that point over IRV is unfair and misleading.<br clear="none">
      <br clear="none">
      Chris<br clear="none">
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