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<p>The superiority of sport to politics is that sports have
independent referees. Referees have rules of independence unlike
many referendums. In the US city referendums, the Machine, such as
Tammany Hall in New York and about 20 American cities used
referendums as battering rams to reinstate monopolistic elections
against proportional representation with a single transferable
vote. Likewise Britain has no referendum rules and is fine with
money and publicity deciding the issue. <br>
</p>
<p>Paddy Ashdown, former Liberal Democrat leader, said of the 2011
Alternative Vote referendum: "They marshalled a regiment of lies."
And IRV is still monopolistic, despite the ranked choice vote.
It's a basc principle of scientific investigation not to prejudge
what one is supposed to prove. A representative sample of
self-informing public opinion, a Citizens Assembly, can be a
referee. As it was in British Columbia, with independence rules,
before the politicians lost self-restraint and rigged the
referendum rules, with a one and a half votes weighting in favor
of FPTP (double 60% thresholds).</p>
<p>The relevance of all this, in case you're wondering, is that
there is no authoritative "standard model" of elections, as there
is a standard model in physics, despite its acknowledged
imperfections. Therefore, it follows that election implementation
is not the decision of experts, as it would be, regarding phyics
or biology, for instance, but has to have the crude fall-back of
referee devices like a Citizens Assembly, which reformers in
Canada widely seem to recognise.</p>
<p>Regards,</p>
<p>Richard Lung.<br>
</p>
<p><br>
</p>
<div class="moz-cite-prefix">On 22/03/2023 04:00, Forest Simmons
wrote:<br>
</div>
<blockquote type="cite"
cite="mid:CANUDvfoaVX87a2PH8FqJM_kb3MDxavsYKHiMYzD2-PRJkt=Udg@mail.gmail.com">
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<div dir="auto">
<div dir="auto"><font face="sans-serif">Here's my suggestion for
choice of tournament champion:</font></div>
<div dir="auto"><br>
</div>
<div dir="auto">Lacking an undefeated team, elect the pairwise
victor of the defensive and offensive champs.</div>
<div dir="auto"><br>
</div>
<div dir="auto">In the sports context the natural choices of
offensive and defensive champs, respectively are the team with
the greatest point total, and the team with the smallest
opposing team points total, both totalled for the entire
tournament.</div>
<div dir="auto"><br>
</div>
<div dir="auto"><span style="font-family:sans-serif">In the
election context the natural choices of offensive and
defensive champs, respectively, are the candidate with the
greatest vote total, and the candidate with the smallest
opposing vote total ... noth totalled for all of the direct
democratic matchups between pairs of candidates.</span><br>
</div>
<div dir="auto"><span style="font-family:sans-serif"><br>
</span></div>
<div dir="auto"><span style="font-family:sans-serif">However, in
the context of elections the presence of clone candidates
will unfairly distort these results. This distortion is
easily overcome by the following modification:</span></div>
<div dir="auto"><br>
</div>
<div dir="auto">The Offensive Champ is the candidate that can
honestly say "everybody else had a matchup where they got
fewer votes than I did in my worst matchup."</div>
<div dir="auto"><br>
</div>
<div dir="auto">The Defensive Champ is the candidate that can
honestly boast, "Every other candidate had a matchup where
their opponent got more votes than mine did in my worst
matchup."</div>
<div dir="auto"><br>
</div>
<div dir="auto">How do we get the matchup votes for candidates X
and Y in their direct democratic compsrison?</div>
<div dir="auto"><br>
</div>
<div dir="auto">They are simply the transferred votes that they
would have if all of the other candidates were eliminated.</div>
<div dir="auto"><br>
</div>
<div dir="auto">Candidate X would get one vote from every ballot
on which X is ranked ahead of Y.</div>
<div dir="auto"><br>
</div>
<div dir="auto">Similarly, Y's vote total in this contest is the
number of ballots that rank Y ahead of X.</div>
<div dir="auto"><br>
</div>
<div dir="auto">Now, some technical notes for the election
technicians ... everybody else thanked with heartfelt
appreciation for their participation ... and excused:</div>
<div dir="auto"><br>
</div>
<div dir="auto">The Pairwise Support Matrix is the matrix whose
entry PS(j, k) in column k of row j ... is the number of
ballots on which candidate j is ranked ahead of candidate k.</div>
<div dir="auto"><br>
</div>
<div dir="auto">In each row j, circle the smallest entry ...
m(j) = min over k of PS(j,k).</div>
<div dir="auto"><br>
</div>
<div dir="auto">In each column k, highlight its largest entry
M(k) = Max over j of PS(j, k).</div>
<div dir="auto"><br>
</div>
<div dir="auto">Let J be argMax m(j), obtained by looking at the
row number of the largest circled entry in the matrix. </div>
<div dir="auto"><br>
</div>
<div dir="auto">Candidate J is the Offensive Champ.</div>
<div dir="auto"><br>
</div>
<div dir="auto">Let K be argmin M(k), obtained by looking at the
column number of the smallest highlighted matrix entry. </div>
<div dir="auto"><br>
</div>
<div dir="auto">Candidate K is the Defensive Champ.</div>
<div dir="auto"><br>
</div>
<div dir="auto">If PS(J, K) is larger than</div>
<div dir="auto">PO(J, K)=PS(K,J), then candidate J, the
Offensive Champ defeats the Defensive Champ K.<br>
</div>
<div dir="auto"><br>
</div>
<div dir="auto">If PS(J,K) is less than PO(J,K), then the
Offensive Champ J is defeated by the Defensive Champ K.</div>
<div dir="auto"><br>
</div>
<div dir="auto">(Otherwise candidates J and K are tied)</div>
<div dir="auto"><br>
</div>
<div dir="auto">-Forest</div>
</div>
<br>
<fieldset class="moz-mime-attachment-header"></fieldset>
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