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    <p> </p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"><span
        style="font-size:16.0pt;font-family:"Arial Rounded MT
        Bold"">The quota and the quotient</span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"><span
        style="font-size:16.0pt;font-family:"Arial Rounded MT
        Bold""> </span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"><span
        style="font-size:16.0pt;font-family:"Arial Rounded MT
        Bold"">Binomial STV combines a rational election count with
        a rational exclusion count. The election count is conducted, in
        the normal way, in order of the voters preferences. The
        exclusion count is conducted in exactly the same way
        (symmetrically), but with the preferences in reverse order.</span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"><span
        style="font-size:16.0pt;font-family:"Arial Rounded MT
        Bold"">The election count elects candidates. The exclusion
        count excludes candidates. <br>
      </span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"><span
        style="font-size:16.0pt;font-family:"Arial Rounded MT
        Bold"">But some candidate may be both elected and excluded.
        ("Schrodingers candidate" as Forest Simmons might say, tho this
        term is poetic license, here. Binomial STV does, however, like
        quantum physics, deal in probabilities.) Their election keep
        value can be compared with their exclusion keep value. </span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"><span
        style="font-size:16.0pt;font-family:"Arial Rounded MT
        Bold"">The keep value is the quota divided by a candidates
        vote, including preference transfers.</span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"><span
        style="font-size:16.0pt;font-family:"Arial Rounded MT
        Bold"">The election keep value is divided by the exclusion
        keep value. If this over-all keep value, or quotient, is still
        unity or less than unity, the candidate is relatively elected,
        by the quotient. That is as well as positively elected by the
        quota. <br>
      </span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"><span
        style="font-size:16.0pt;font-family:"Arial Rounded MT
        Bold"">If two such candidates are so placed, for one
        remaining seat, the candidate with the lower quotient is elected
        or wins.<br>
      </span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"><span
        style="font-size:16.0pt;font-family:"Arial Rounded MT
        Bold"">The quota is a more powerful measurement than the
        quotient, because the ratio scale is more powerful than the
        interval scale. Occasionally the quotient may arbitrate, when
        election and exclusion quotas conflict.</span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"><span
        style="font-size:16.0pt;font-family:"Arial Rounded MT
        Bold"">Does this seem consistent, or not inconsistent, to
        you?</span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"><span
        style="font-size:16.0pt;font-family:"Arial Rounded MT
        Bold"">Regards,</span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"><span
        style="font-size:16.0pt;font-family:"Arial Rounded MT
        Bold"">Richard Lung.<br>
      </span></p>
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        style="font-size:16.0pt;font-family:"Arial Rounded MT
        Bold""><br>
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