<div dir="auto"><div><br><br><div class="gmail_quote"><div dir="ltr" class="gmail_attr">El sáb., 18 de jun. de 2022 6:29 a. m., Kristofer Munsterhjelm <<a href="mailto:km_elmet@t-online.de">km_elmet@t-online.de</a>> escribió:<br></div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">A thought about how honest equal-rank might be defined. Earlier I've<br>
said that a good way to define a honest ballot is to find a randomized<br>
strategyproof system that induces it (e.g. Random Ballot for<br>
single-mark, Random Pair for strict ranked, possibly some transformation<br>
of Hay for VNM utility ballots).<br>
<br>
How about this as a starting point?<br>
<br>
"Random Approval": Voters provide Approval-style ballots. Choose a<br>
ballot at random. If this ballot approves a single candidate, then elect<br>
that candidate. Otherwise eliminate every non-approved candidate and<br>
draw another ballot (without replacement). Ignore ballots only approving<br>
eliminated candidates. If every ballot is visited, choose at random a<br>
candidate from the winning set.<br>
<br>
The optimal strategy seems to be to just designate your favorite, </blockquote></div></div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">Not neccessarily.</div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">Suppose honest preferences are</div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">x: A>C>>>B </div><div dir="auto">y: B>C>>>A,</div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">where x-y is the voter's subjective random variable with estmated mean near zero and estimated standard deviation at about 2 percent of x+y.</div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">If that by itself is not enough to make the voter approve C, what if less than 51 percent approval for the winner required fallback from random approval to random favorite?</div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">In other words, suppose the method is to first figure out who the random approval winner RAW is. </div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">Then check to see if the RAW has more than 51 percent approval according to the marked approval cutoffs on the ballots. </div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">If so, then RAW has been ratified. Otherwise, elect random favorite (e.g. from the set of ballots already drawn to determine the Random Approval Winner).</div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto"><div class="gmail_quote"><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">for<br>
the same reason that it's optimal in Random Ballot. However, suppose<br>
you've got a limited amount of time available and two candidates are<br>
nearly equal. Then it might be worth it to equal-rank them (approve<br>
both) instead of taking the effort to determine which candidate is ever<br>
so slightly better than the other.<br>
<br>
So according to this interpretation, honest equal-rank is an indication<br>
that you don't know which of the candidates is better and/or it's not<br>
worth the chance of getting it wrong.<br>
<br>
This idea could presumably be extended to Random Pair with equal-rank.<br>
Suppose that d[A,B] is true if more people rank A over B than vice<br>
versa, i.e. it doesn't count equal-rankers at all (and if everybody<br>
equal-ranks A and B, set it to true at random) Then similarly, if you<br>
equal-rank A and B, you choose to let the other voters decide.<br>
<br>
Perhaps there is a model similar to a Condorcet jury where jurors who<br>
know that they don't know are better off equal-ranking two candidates<br>
than trying to force an outcome. E.g. the certainty of getting the<br>
comparison right is a function of time, you're time limited, and then<br>
equal-ranking reduces the variance compared to just guessing. But then<br>
again, if everybody did that, then the variance of a simple coin flip is<br>
worse than the combined noisy guesses, which suggests your best ballot<br>
depends on others', which isn't strategy-proof.<br>
<br>
The simpler version for Approval is just "elect an approved candidate at<br>
random". But that's harder to generalize to Random Pair.<br>
<br>
-km<br>
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</blockquote></div></div></div>