<div dir="auto">Suppose a method has a runoff between the MMPO winner X and the and DMC winner Y.<div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">If the runoff is by a separate trip to the polls, then the runoff votes will all be sincere.</div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">Now suppose instead, that the runoff is instant, but by a separate set of ballots submitted simultaneously with the other ballots (the ones that determined X and Y) ... and that this second (or third) set was expressly limited for use in the runoff (for the case of distinct X and Y).</div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">If the rational voters both understood and trusted this process, wouldn't the runoff set be sincere?</div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">Wouldn't the method as a whole be considered to satisfy the Plurality Criterion ... even if the MMPO winner X beat Y on the runoff ballots, and Y had more first place votes than X had above bottom votes on the original ballots ... the strategic ballots that got X and Y into the finals?</div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">Would the method as a whole be considered to satisfy the FBC?</div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">Would the method as a whole satisfy the Condorcet Criterion even though it is possible that neither X nor Y was the sincere CW even when there was one?</div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">Would the method as a whole be considered UD compliant?</div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">An if not, should that disqualify the method from adoption?</div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">Is this instant runoff method (unlike IRV) efficiently precinct summable? (Yes!)</div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">-Forest</div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto"><br><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto"><br></div></div></div><br><div class="gmail_quote"><div dir="ltr" class="gmail_attr">El mié., 20 de abr. de 2022 12:21 a. m., Kevin Venzke <<a href="mailto:stepjak@yahoo.fr">stepjak@yahoo.fr</a>> escribió:<br></div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">Hi Kristofer/Forest/all,<br>
<br>
Kristofer wrote:<br>
> Kevin's simulations of<br>
> <a href="http://lists.electorama.com/pipermail/election-methods-electorama.com/2005-June/114476.html" rel="noreferrer noreferrer" target="_blank">http://lists.electorama.com/pipermail/election-methods-electorama.com/2005-June/114476.html</a><br>
> seem to indicate that Condorcet methods (at least "advanced" ones like<br>
> Schulze) have a low rate of FBC failure.<br>
<br>
Not so advanced: I have MinMax(WV) performing about the same as Schulze(WV) and<br>
better than both River and RP(WV). If anything Smith compliance could probably<br>
be guessed to be a liability since no known FBC method does any path-tracing.<br>
<br>
> The "Improved Condorcet"<br>
> methods would presumably be the flipside of this coin, passing FBC<br>
> absolutely but having some (low?) rate of Condorcet failure.<br>
<br>
I've been thinking about this lately. Experimentally ICA gives results less<br>
resembling MinMax(WV) etc. than MAMPO does, which is odd since ICA is at least<br>
trying to satisfy Condorcet.<br>
<br>
It seems that every FBC method is composed of one or more "layers" of logic,<br>
with results of the combined whole determined basically DSC-style.<br>
<br>
The layers have some properties:<br>
1. Each one is calculated independently with no awareness of another layer.<br>
2. Each one returns an ordering of the candidates, not necessarily strict. (As<br>
to use multiple layers there should be some indecision at the top.)<br>
3. Each satisfies FBC, according to a definition that makes sense with<br>
orderings as opposed to candidate win odds.<br>
4. A layer is used only to break ties on any layers already applied.<br>
<br>
So layer examples would include the Bucklin(ERW) mechanism, FBC-compatible ways<br>
of Borda scoring, implicit approval, a majority approval filter, the MMPO score,<br>
Majority Defeat Disqualification, whatever MajBTP is doing, top rankings, and<br>
Improved Condorcet, including the IC-modified MinMax(WV) score (which I call<br>
tMMWV).<br>
<br>
(IC usually uses a "tied at the top" rule; I've considered whether "tied and<br>
approved" would better match voters' desires, but this would clearly make IC<br>
less like Condorcet, so I won't consider that anymore.)<br>
<br>
These layers seemingly can be applied in any order, and we can make them less<br>
decisive if we want (such as the difference between approval and majority<br>
approval).<br>
<br>
So ICA is IC then approval. MDDA is MDD then approval. MAMPO is actually<br>
majority approval, then MMPO, then approval (as a tiebreaker). MAMPOA really.<br>
<br>
Since two of the most Condorcet-like rules are probably IC and MMPO, can we just<br>
mix those for an "ICMPO" method? Probably not, because it fails Plurality.<br>
That's an issue with a number of these rules, and a reason why MAMPO uses a<br>
majority approval filter before MMPO.<br>
<br>
ICMAMPO (or ICMAMPOA), though, does seem to be an improvement on MAMPO, at least<br>
from the standpoint of resembling MinMax and maximizing Condorcet efficiency.<br>
(And it satisfies Plurality.)<br>
<br>
FBC-compatible layers that ensure Plurality seem to be possible.<br>
<br>
Consider FPF ("FBC-compatible Plurality filter"): A candidate X is disqualified<br>
(meaning: returned in the bottom rank of the layer's output ranking) if for some<br>
other candidate Y, Y's top rankings minus the X-Y tied-at-the-top count exceeds<br>
X's implicit approval.<br>
<br>
That apparently isn't monotone. But this appears to be:<br>
<br>
AC ("Approval check"): A candidate X is disqualified if their implicit approval<br>
score is below the max PO against them.<br>
<br>
Methods like AC-MPO-A and AC-tMMWV-MPO-A (using hyphens for readability) seem to<br>
be very slightly better than MAMPO, but definitely not as good as ICMAMPO. If<br>
one doesn't want to mess with tied-at-the-top or a majority approval threshold,<br>
though, maybe this "ACMPO" or "ACMPOA" method could be attractive.<br>
<br>
An adjacent issue that occurs to me is whether we can use any similar pattern to<br>
make a new Later-no-harm method. There is a definite similarity between weak FBC<br>
and LNHarm as they both can be conceived of as carving out a new ranking for one<br>
of multiple candidates at either the top or bottom ranking.<br>
<br>
A big problem is that there aren't as many known options for LNHarm "layers,"<br>
and the ones that do exist are very hard for me to wrap my head around in order<br>
to learn some general patterns. The MMPO and FPTP principles are pretty clear.<br>
Chain Runoff could be seen as a hybrid of those two. The IRV and DSC principles<br>
seem to not offer many variations.<br>
<br>
Another problem is how to enforce Plurality. We can't use implicit approval in a<br>
LNHarm method. Only MMPO really runs any risk of violating Plurality, but MMPO<br>
seems like one of the more promising tools here.<br>
<br>
And another issue is that for even three candidates it's clear that Plurality,<br>
LNHarm, and minimal defense are incompatible. MD is usually a lower-hanging<br>
fruit, but here it's impossible. Instead we have to ask for something "more like<br>
Condorcet," a "weak Condorcet," but I don't know what that might look like.<br>
"Elect a candidate with full majorities over everyone," i.e. Woodall's<br>
Condorcet(gross), is not doable either.<br>
<br>
Kevin<br>
</blockquote></div>