<div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div class="gmail_quote"><div dir="ltr" class="gmail_attr">On Thu, Jan 9, 2020 at 11:46 PM robert bristow-johnson wrote:<br></div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">
"strong preference" vs. "weak preference" implies a Score ballot.<br></blockquote><div><br></div><div>Usually, but not necessarily: <a href="https://electowiki.org/wiki/Strong/weak_preference_option" target="_blank">https://electowiki.org/wiki/Strong/weak_preference_option</a></div><div><br></div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">
my question that i have asked the Score Voting or Approval Voting advocates years ago remains: "How much should I score my second choice?"<br></blockquote><div><br></div><div>If asked to rank three ice cream flavors, my preference would be Strawberry > Chocolate > Garlic. <br></div><div><br></div><div>If then asked to choose between:<br></div><div><br></div><div>1. Chocolate</div><div>2. A mystery box with a 75% chance of containing Strawberry and a 25% chance of containing Garlic</div><div><br></div><div>I would choose #1, which shows that:<br></div><div><br></div><div>A. My preference for Chocolate > Garlic is significantly stronger than my preference for Strawberry > Chocolate.<br></div><div>B. If voting honestly, I should give Chocolate at least a 4 out of 5 on a Score ballot.</div><div><br></div><div>The odds can then be varied, to narrow in on a more precise rating, which is essentially what we all do internally when we rate a movie or restaurant or product or student or respond to a Likert scale survey, etc.<br></div><div><br></div><div>Of course, this is imprecise, but so is forcing voters to rank many candidates when they are indifferent between some of them. <br></div><div><br></div><div><a href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/233061022_Rankings_Ratings_and_the_Measurement_of_Values_Evidence_for_the_Superior_Validity_of_Ratings">https://www.researchgate.net/publication/233061022_Rankings_Ratings_and_the_Measurement_of_Values_Evidence_for_the_Superior_Validity_of_Ratings</a><br></div><div><br></div><div>If Vanilla and French Vanilla were both on the same ballot, I would be indifferent between them. Forcing me to choose between them and then arbitrarily assigning the same weight to this very weak preference that was applied to my Chocolate > Garlic preference would be rather undemocratic, no? <a href="http://leastevil.blogspot.com/2012/03/tyranny-of-majority-weak-preferences.html">http://leastevil.blogspot.com/2012/03/tyranny-of-majority-weak-preferences.html</a><br></div><div></div><div><br></div><div>Organisms don't have ordered lists of equal-strength preferences in their brains. They have fuzzy estimates of utility that they then convert to rankings when necessary.</div><div><br></div><div>"The majority judgement experiment proves that the model on which the theory of social choice and voting is based is simply not true: voters do not have preference lists of candidates in their minds. Moreover, forcing voters to establish preference lists only leads to inconsistencies, impossibilities and incompatibilities." <a href="https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00243076/document#page=40">https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00243076/document#page=40</a><br></div><div> </div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">that tactical question faces the voter in a Score or Approval election the second he/she steps into the voting booth. but not so for the ordinal Ranked ballot.<br></blockquote><div><br></div><div>From what I've been told (though I haven't read and understood it myself), Gibbard's theorem proves that ALL voting systems require voters to make tactical decisions, no matter whether they are ranked or rated or otherwise.</div><div><br></div><div><br></div><div><br></div></div></div><div class="gmail_quote"><div dir="ltr" class="gmail_attr">On Fri, Jan 10, 2020 at 2:02 AM Rob Lanphier wrote:<br></div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"> that cardinal voting systems are provably free of any<br>
sort of impossibility paradox.<br></blockquote><div><br></div><div>I've never heard anyone claim that they are. The claim is simply that Arrow's theorem, in particular, doesn't apply to cardinal systems, which Arrow seems to agree with in that interview (and I don't know why that would be a big deal or why he shouldn't be trusted to interpret his own theorem). Satterthwaite's also doesn't. It's Gibbard's theorem, specifically, that applies to the general case of all conceivable voting systems: <a href="https://politics.stackexchange.com/a/14245/10373" target="_blank">https://politics.stackexchange.com/a/14245/10373</a><br></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div>