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<span style="font-family:""",serif;color:#323130">Hi Toby,</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 8pt; line-height: 107%; font-family: "Calibri",sans-serif; font-size: 11pt">
<span style="font-family:""",serif;color:#323130">I will respond below inline.</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 8pt; line-height: 107%; font-family: "Calibri",sans-serif; font-size: 11pt">
<span style="font-family:""",serif;color:#323130">Steve<br>
</span><span style="font-family:"Segoe UI",sans-serif;color:#323130"><span style="font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: 100%">Message: 3</span></span><span style="font-family:
""",serif;color:#323130"><br>
</span><span style="font-family:"Segoe UI",sans-serif;color:#323130"><span style="font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: 100%">Date: Thu, 27 Jun 2019 14:31:17 +0000 (UTC)</span></span><span style="font-family:""",serif;color:#323130"><br>
</span><span style="font-family:"Segoe UI",sans-serif;color:#323130"><span style="font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: 100%">From: Toby Pereira <tdp201b@yahoo.co.uk></span></span><span style="font-family:""",serif;color:#323130"><br>
</span><span style="font-family:"Segoe UI",sans-serif;color:#323130"><span style="font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: 100%">To: EM List <election-methods@electorama.com></span></span><span style="font-family:""",serif;color:#323130"><br>
</span><span style="font-family:"Segoe UI",sans-serif;color:#323130"><span style="font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: 100%">Subject: [EM] What should an ideal single-winner method achieve?</span></span><span style="font-family:""",serif;
color:#323130"><br>
</span><span style="font-family:"Segoe UI",sans-serif;color:#323130"><span style="font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: 100%">Message-ID: <2093644385.1380055.1561645877622@mail.yahoo.com></span></span><span style="font-family:""",serif;color:#323130"><br>
</span><span style="font-family:"Segoe UI",sans-serif;color:#323130"><span style="font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: 100%">Content-Type: text/plain; charset="utf-8"</span></span><span style="font-family:""",serif;color:#323130"><br>
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</span><span style="font-family:"Segoe UI",sans-serif;color:#323130"><span style="font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: 100%">T:<span style="mso-spacerun:yes">
</span>With all the discussion of different single-winner methods and the criteria they pass and fail, I'm interested to know what you think the "ideal" method should hope to achieve. For example, some people might want to maximise utility summed across the
voters.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 8pt; line-height: 107%; font-family: "Calibri",sans-serif; font-size: 11pt">
<span style="font-family:"Segoe UI",sans-serif;color:#323130">S:<span style="mso-spacerun:yes">
</span>Please help me by defining what you mean by <span style="mso-spacerun:yes">
</span>*utility” and explain exactly how it should be *summed*.</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 8pt; line-height: 107%; font-family: "Calibri",sans-serif; font-size: 11pt">
<span style="font-family:"Segoe UI",sans-serif;color:#323130">T:<span style="mso-spacerun:yes">
</span>Others might want to find the candidate that is closest to the "median voter".</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 8pt; line-height: 107%; font-family: "Calibri",sans-serif; font-size: 11pt">
<span style="font-family:"Segoe UI",sans-serif;color:#323130">S:<span style="mso-spacerun:yes">
</span>By *median voter*, do you mean something other than MJ’s winner who has received at least 50% plus one of the grades from all the voters which are equal to or higher than the highest median-grade received by any of the candidates?
</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 8pt; line-height: 107%; font-family: "Calibri",sans-serif; font-size: 11pt">
<span style="font-family:"Segoe UI",sans-serif;color:#323130">T:<span style="mso-spacerun:yes">
</span>For others it might be more about obeying some sort of majority criterion (e.g. Condorcet). Etc.</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 8pt; line-height: 107%; font-family: "Calibri",sans-serif; font-size: 11pt">
<span style="font-family:"Segoe UI",sans-serif;color:#323130">S: If you require the winner to be supported by the above *majority*, no Condorcet method guarantees that such a winner will be found.<span style="mso-spacerun:yes">
</span>Unlike any other method, MJ does guarantee this.</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 8pt; line-height: 107%; font-family: "Calibri",sans-serif; font-size: 11pt">
<span style="font-family:""",serif;color:#323130"><br>
</span><span style="font-family:"Segoe UI",sans-serif;color:#323130"><span style="font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: 100%">T: Personally, the measure that makes most sense to me is to maximise utility….</span></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 8pt; line-height: 107%; font-family: "Calibri",sans-serif; font-size: 11pt">
<span style="font-family:"Segoe UI",sans-serif;color:#323130">S:<span style="mso-spacerun:yes">
</span>This is what MJ seems to do by electing the candidate judge to be the candidate most fit for office, i.e. the<span style="mso-spacerun:yes">
</span>one most able and likely to help to maximise the utility of society.<span style="mso-spacerun:yes">
</span>This is indicated by the highest median-grade that that winner received from this electorate.</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 8pt; line-height: 107%; font-family: "Calibri",sans-serif; font-size: 11pt">
<span style="font-family:"Segoe UI",sans-serif;color:#323130">T:<span style="mso-spacerun:yes">
</span>…. But this doesn't automatically mean score voting (where a score could simply be seen as a utility rating of a candidate), at least in part because strategies that voters adopt might reduce its effectiveness.
</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 8pt; line-height: 107%; font-family: "Calibri",sans-serif; font-size: 11pt">
<span style="font-family:"Segoe UI",sans-serif;color:#323130">S:<span style="mso-spacerun:yes">
</span>This is only one of the flaws inherent in score.</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 8pt; line-height: 107%; font-family: "Calibri",sans-serif; font-size: 11pt">
<span style="font-family:"Segoe UI",sans-serif;color:#323130">T:<span style="mso-spacerun:yes">
</span>Obviously, a voting method also needs to be simple enough to understand (in terms of voting and understanding how the winner is calculated), and it might be that different types of election suit different methods.</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 8pt; line-height: 107%; font-family: "Calibri",sans-serif; font-size: 11pt">
<span style="font-family:"Segoe UI",sans-serif;color:#323130">S:<span style="mso-spacerun:yes">
</span>MJ finds the winner simply by comparing the median-grades of each candidate.<span style="mso-spacerun:yes">
</span>Also, more clearly than its alternatives, MJ allows each voter most fully to express their judgment of each candidate (Excellent, Very Good, Good, Acceptable, Poor, or Reject),
<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>These qualities seem to make MJ the method most suited to elect any single-winner.<span style="mso-spacerun:yes">
</span>What do you think?<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>Please explain any flaws you see in MJ.</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 8pt; line-height: 107%; font-family: "Calibri",sans-serif; font-size: 11pt">
<span style="font-family:"Segoe UI",sans-serif;color:#323130">Toby</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 8pt; line-height: 107%; font-family: "Calibri",sans-serif; font-size: 11pt">
<span style="font-family:"Segoe UI",sans-serif;color:#323130">Steve</span></p>
<br>
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<div class="PlainText">Message: 3<br>
Date: Thu, 27 Jun 2019 14:31:17 +0000 (UTC)<br>
From: Toby Pereira <tdp201b@yahoo.co.uk><br>
To: EM List <election-methods@electorama.com><br>
Subject: [EM] What should an ideal single-winner method achieve?<br>
Message-ID: <2093644385.1380055.1561645877622@mail.yahoo.com><br>
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="utf-8"<br>
<br>
With all the discussion of different single-winner methods and the criteria they pass and fail, I'm interested to know what you think the "ideal" method should hope to achieve. For example, some people might want to maximise utility summed across the voters.
Others might want to find the candidate that is closest to the "median voter". For others it might be more about obeying some sort of majority criterion (e.g. Condorcet). Etc.<br>
Personally, the measure that makes most sense to me is to maximise utility. But this doesn't automatically mean score voting (where a score could simply be seen as a utility rating of a candidate), at least in part because strategies that voters adopt might
reduce its effectiveness. Obviously a voting method also needs to be simple enough to understand (in terms of voting and understanding how the winner is calculated), and it might be that different types of election suit different methods.<br>
Toby<br>
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