<html><head></head><body><div style="color:#000; background-color:#fff; font-family:Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Arial, Lucida Grande, sans-serif;font-size:13px"><div id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1554155939131_3130" dir="ltr"><span id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1554155939131_3227">I don't think it's a terrible idea. However, I'm not sure it's necessarily to move beyond the simplicity of approval voting in this particular situation. And that's partly because tonight (for the second time) none of the options received a majority of approvals. </span><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-47781009" id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1554155939131_3228" class="">https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-47781009</a> And I don't think parliament would be happy using an option because it received the median rating slightly-less-awful rather than just plain-awful. If it was to be expected that several options would get over 50% approvals then MJ might be quite a useful tool to distinguish between them, but at the moment a bigger concern is to simply get one thing that the majority of parliament is behind.</div><div id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1554155939131_3130" dir="ltr"><br></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1554155939131_3130" dir="ltr">Toby</div><div id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1554155939131_3237"><br></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1554155939131_3289"><br></div><div class="qtdSeparateBR" id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1554155939131_3129"><br><br></div><div class="yahoo_quoted" id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1554155939131_3106" style="display: block;"> <div style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Arial, Lucida Grande, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1554155939131_3105"> <div style="font-family: HelveticaNeue, Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Arial, Lucida Grande, Sans-Serif; font-size: 16px;" id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1554155939131_3104"> <div dir="ltr" id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1554155939131_3103"> <font size="2" face="Arial" id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1554155939131_3107"> <hr size="1"> <b><span style="font-weight:bold;">From:</span></b> steve bosworth <stevebosworth@hotmail.com><br> <b><span style="font-weight: bold;">To:</span></b> EM list <election-methods@electorama.com> <br> <b><span style="font-weight: bold;">Sent:</span></b> Monday, 1 April 2019, 21:08<br> <b><span style="font-weight: bold;">Subject:</span></b> [EM] Comprehensive, Simple, and Informative Indicative Voting Method:: MJ is best<br> </font> </div> <div class="y_msg_container" id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1554155939131_3113"><br><div id="yiv1934316841">
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<span id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1554155939131_3110">
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<b><span style="font-family:serif;color:black;">Originally, Gervase Lam suggested that
</span></b><span style="font-family:serif;color:#333333;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in;" id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1554155939131_3108">Approval style voting could be used
in Brexit Vote in Parliament.<span style=""> </span>My response was to suggest instead that
</span><b id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1554155939131_3125"><span style="font-family:serif;color:black;" id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1554155939131_3124">Majority Judgment (MJ) provides the most Comprehensive, Simple, and Informative Indicative Voting Method.</span></b><span style="font-family:serif;color:black;">
Please see below a more detailed explanation of how MJ works.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family:serif;color:black;" id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1554155939131_3114">I'm surprised that no-one has addressed my exact suggestion that Majority Judgment (MJ) would seem to provide a superior method.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family:serif;color:black;"> </span></div>
<div style="margin:0in 0in 8pt;line-height:107%;font-family:sans-serif;font-size:11pt;line-height:normal;background:white;" id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1554155939131_3118">
<span style="font-family:serif;color:black;" id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1554155939131_3117">Instead, SCORE voting, using 0—100 was suggested by William.<span style="">
</span>This suggestion does not take into account that most people cannot distinguish between more than about 7 levels of desired human behavior.</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;" id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1554155939131_3435"> Balinski
& Laraki discuss this (pp.171, 169, 283, 306, 310, & 389) with regard to G.A. Miller’s 1956 article: The magical number seven, plus or minus two: Some limits on our capacity for processing information.
<i>Psychological Review </i>63: 89-97.<span style=""> </span>This is why MJ’s use of only 6 grades from Excellent to Reject are more meaningful and discerning.<span style="">
</span>Also, these grades are more meaningful than numbers 1—6.<span style="">
</span>At the same time, unlike MJ, APPROVAL and SCORE would not guarantee the discovery of a BREXIT option that is supported by an absolute majority of all the voters' highest grades.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size:12.0pt;">Please give any of your criticisms of MJ in this regard.</span></div>
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<b><span style="color:black;">From:</span></b><span style="color:black;">
steve bosworth <stevebosworth@hotmail.com><br>
<b>Sent:</b> Tuesday, March 26, 2019 6:24 AM<br>
<b>To:</b> election-methods@lists.electorama.com<br>
<b>Subject:</b> Comprehensive, simplist, and most informative Indicative Voting</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:serif;color:#333333;">
</span></div>
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<span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:serif;color:#333333;"> </span></div>
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<span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:New serif;color:#001000;">Yes, Approval would work, but unlike Majority Judgment (Balinski & Laraki,
<i>Majority Judgment</i></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:serif;color:#333333;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in;">
(2010, MIT)</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:New serif;color:#001000;"> Approval does not guarantee finding the option most supported by an absolute majority, nor would it inform us how
highly all the MPs grade each of the options.</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;color:black;"></span></div>
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<span lang="EN" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:serif;color:#333333;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in;">Majority
Judgment would allow the Commons to decide on one of the many options by an absolute majority as a result of counting one ballot from each of the MPs. Each MP is simply asked to “grade” as many of the options listed as either Excellent (ideal), Very Good,
Good, Acceptable, Poor, or “Reject”. </span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:serif;color:#333333;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in;">Each
option not explicitly graded is counted as “Reject” by that voter. The same grade can be given to more than one choice.</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;color:black;"></span></div>
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<span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:serif;color:#333333;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in;">As a result, all the options will have
received the same number of grades, but a different set. The winner is the choice that has received an absolute majority of grades that are equal to, or higher than, the highest
<i>median-grade</i> given to any of the choices.</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:serif;color:black;"></span></div>
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<span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:serif;color:#333333;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in;">The median-grade of each option is found
as follows:</span><span style="font-family:serif;color:#333333;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in;"></span></div>
<div style="margin:0in 0in 8pt;line-height:107%;font-family:sans-serif;font-size:11pt;margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;margin-left:30.35pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:normal;background:white;">
<span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Wingdings;color:#333333;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in;">§</span><span style="font-size:7.0pt;font-family:serif;color:#333333;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in;">
</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:serif;color:#333333;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in;">Place all the grades, high to
low, top to bottom, in side-by-side columns, the name of each option at the top of each of these columns.</span><span style="font-family:serif;color:#333333;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in;"></span></div>
<div style="margin:0in 0in 8pt;line-height:107%;font-family:sans-serif;font-size:11pt;margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;margin-left:30.35pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:normal;background:white;">
<span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Wingdings;color:#333333;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in;">§</span><span style="font-size:7.0pt;font-family:serif;color:#333333;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in;">
</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:serif;color:#333333;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in;">The median-grade for each option
is the grade located half way down each column (i.e. in the middle if there is an odd number of voters, the lower middle if the number is even).</span><span style="font-family:serif;color:#333333;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in;"></span></div>
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<span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:serif;color:#333333;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in;">If more than one option has the same
highest median-grade, the MJ winner is discovered by removing (one-by-one) any grades equal in value to this grade from each tied option’s total until only one is currently found to retain the highest remaining median-grade.</span><span style="font-family:serif;color:#333333;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in;"></span></div>
<div style="margin:0in 0in 8pt;line-height:107%;font-family:sans-serif;font-size:11pt;margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:normal;">
<span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:serif;color:#333333;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in;">Also in contrast to ranking the options,
the above Majority Judgment method does not eliminate any option before the Absolute Majority winner is discovered. Therefore, only Majority Judgment would guarantee that a majority winner would be found.<br style="">
<br style="">
</span><span style="font-size:14.0pt;color:black;"></span></div>
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<span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:serif;color:#333333;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in;">What do you think?</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:serif;color:black;"></span></div>
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<span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:serif;color:#333333;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in;">Steve</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:serif;color:black;"></span></div>
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