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    <br>
    I introduced a Harmonic Mean quota as the happy medium of the Hare
    and Droop quotas, because both have democratic deficiencies. It is
    explained in my book Scientific Method of Elections, as is my
    generalisation of STV: Binomial STV (free from Smashwords and in the
    pdf Archive).<br>
    <br>
    from<br>
    Richard Lung.<br>
    <br>
    <br>
    <br>
    <br>
    On 06/06/2017 11:43, Toby Pereira wrote:
    <blockquote cite="mid:57242998.4933904.1496745802627@mail.yahoo.com"
      type="cite">
      <div style="color:#000; background-color:#fff;
        font-family:Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Arial, Lucida Grande,
        sans-serif;font-size:13px">
        <div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1496733772650_5418" dir="ltr"><span
            id="yui_3_16_0_1_1496733772650_5417">Just to finish the
            thought on this, under Sainte-Laguë/Hare proportionality ,
            for a party/faction to guarantee themselves s seats, then I
            think they would need s-1 Hare quotas and then a Droop quota
            for their last seat, but it would be a Droop quota
            considering only the remaining seats and voters rather than
            all of them.</span></div>
        <div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1496733772650_5624" dir="ltr"><span><br>
          </span></div>
        <div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1496733772650_5489" dir="ltr"><span
            id="yui_3_16_0_1_1496733772650_5631">For example, let's say
            there are five seats.</span></div>
        <div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1496733772650_5623" dir="ltr"><span><br>
          </span></div>
        <div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1496733772650_5622" dir="ltr"><span
            id="yui_3_16_0_1_1496733772650_5621">To guarantee one seat,
            a party would need 0 Hare quotas and one Droop, so 1/6 of
            the total vote.</span></div>
        <div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1496733772650_5490" dir="ltr"><span><br>
          </span></div>
        <div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1496733772650_5620" dir="ltr"><span
            id="yui_3_16_0_1_1496733772650_5619">To guarantee two seats,
            a party would need 1 Hare quota and one Droop quota of four
            seats, so 1/5 + 4/5*1/5 = 9/25 or 0.36 of the vote</span></div>
        <div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1496733772650_5618" dir="ltr"><span><br>
          </span></div>
        <div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1496733772650_5492" dir="ltr"><span
            id="yui_3_16_0_1_1496733772650_5491">To guarantee three
            seats, they would need 2 Hare quotas and one Droop quota of
            three seats, so 2/5 + 3/5*1/4 = 11/20 or 0.55 of the vote.</span></div>
        <div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1496733772650_5526" dir="ltr"><span><br>
          </span></div>
        <div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1496733772650_5527" dir="ltr"><span
            id="yui_3_16_0_1_1496733772650_5528">To guarantee four
            seats, they'd need 3 Hare quotas and one Droop of two seats,
            so 3/5 + 2/5*1/3 = 11/15 or 0.73 of the vote.</span></div>
        <div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1496733772650_5642" dir="ltr"><span><br>
          </span></div>
        <div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1496733772650_5680" dir="ltr"><span
            id="yui_3_16_0_1_1496733772650_5679">To guarantee five
            seats, they'd need 4 Hare quotas and one Droop of one seats,
            so 4/5 + 1/5*1/2 = 9/10 = 0.9 of the vote.</span></div>
        <div dir="ltr"><span><br>
          </span></div>
        <div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1496733772650_5797" dir="ltr"><span
            id="yui_3_16_0_1_1496733772650_5796">I think this is correct
            now. According to the Wikipedia <a moz-do-not-send="true"
              id="yui_3_16_0_1_1496733772650_5795"
href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proportionality_for_Solid_Coalitions">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proportionality_for_Solid_Coalitions</a> the


            Hare version of proportionality for solid coalitions
            requires a full Hare quota for each seat, but I think this
            is a more sophisticated definition.</span></div>
        <div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1496733772650_5807"><br>
        </div>
        <div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1496733772650_5840"><br>
        </div>
        <div class="qtdSeparateBR" id="yui_3_16_0_1_1496733772650_5410"><br>
          <br>
        </div>
        <div class="yahoo_quoted" id="yui_3_16_0_1_1496733772650_5350"
          style="display: block;">
          <div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1496733772650_5349" style="font-family:
            Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Arial, Lucida Grande, sans-serif;
            font-size: 13px;">
            <div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1496733772650_5348"
              style="font-family: HelveticaNeue, Helvetica Neue,
              Helvetica, Arial, Lucida Grande, Sans-Serif; font-size:
              16px;">
              <div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1496733772650_5347" dir="ltr"> <font
                  id="yui_3_16_0_1_1496733772650_5346" face="Arial"
                  size="2">
                  <hr id="yui_3_16_0_1_1496733772650_5409" size="1"> <b
                    id="yui_3_16_0_1_1496733772650_5536"><span
                      id="yui_3_16_0_1_1496733772650_5535"
                      style="font-weight: bold;">From:</span></b> Toby
                  Pereira <a class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E"
                    href="mailto:tdp201b@yahoo.co.uk"><tdp201b@yahoo.co.uk></a><br>
                  <b id="yui_3_16_0_1_1496733772650_5538"><span
                      id="yui_3_16_0_1_1496733772650_5537"
                      style="font-weight: bold;">To:</span></b>
                  Kristofer Munsterhjelm <a
                    class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E"
                    href="mailto:km_elmet@t-online.de"><km_elmet@t-online.de></a>;
                  VoteFair <a class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E"
                    href="mailto:electionmethods@votefair.org"><electionmethods@votefair.org></a>;
                  <a class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E"
                    href="mailto:election-methods@lists.electorama.com">"election-methods@lists.electorama.com"</a>
                  <a class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E"
                    href="mailto:election-methods@lists.electorama.com"><election-methods@lists.electorama.com></a>
                  <br>
                  <b id="yui_3_16_0_1_1496733772650_5494"><span
                      id="yui_3_16_0_1_1496733772650_5493"
                      style="font-weight: bold;">Sent:</span></b>
                  Monday, 5 June 2017, 18:23<br>
                  <b><span style="font-weight: bold;">Subject:</span></b>
                  Re: [EM] Resume: Proportional multi-winner ranked
                  voting methods - guidelines?<br>
                </font> </div>
              <div class="y_msg_container"
                id="yui_3_16_0_1_1496733772650_5351"><br>
                <div id="yiv7522587144">
                  <div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1496733772650_5407">
                    <div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1496733772650_5406"
                      style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica
                      Neue, Helvetica, Arial, Lucida Grande, sans-serif;
                      font-size: 13px; background-color: rgb(255, 255,
                      255);">
                      <div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1496733772650_5408"><span
                          id="yui_3_16_0_1_1496733772650_5419">I think
                          that's wrong actually. Forget that last post!</span></div>
                      <div class="yiv7522587144qtdSeparateBR"
                        id="yiv7522587144yui_3_16_0_1_1496653143426_13715"><br
                          clear="none">
                        <br clear="none">
                      </div>
                      <div class="yiv7522587144yqt3344238213"
                        id="yiv7522587144yqt92422">
                        <div class="yiv7522587144yahoo_quoted"
                          id="yiv7522587144yui_3_16_0_1_1496653143426_13709"
                          style="display: block;">
                          <div
                            id="yiv7522587144yui_3_16_0_1_1496653143426_13708"
                            style="font-family: Helvetica Neue,
                            Helvetica, Arial, Lucida Grande, sans-serif;
                            font-size: 13px;">
                            <div
                              id="yiv7522587144yui_3_16_0_1_1496653143426_13707"
                              style="font-family: HelveticaNeue,
                              Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Arial, Lucida
                              Grande, Sans-Serif; font-size: 16px;">
                              <div
                                id="yiv7522587144yui_3_16_0_1_1496653143426_13706"
                                dir="ltr"> <font
                                  id="yiv7522587144yui_3_16_0_1_1496653143426_13714"
                                  face="Arial" size="2"> </font>
                                <hr
                                  id="yiv7522587144yui_3_16_0_1_1496653143426_13713"
                                  size="1"> <b><span
                                    style="font-weight: bold;">From:</span></b>
                                Toby Pereira <a
                                  class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E"
                                  href="mailto:tdp201b@yahoo.co.uk"><tdp201b@yahoo.co.uk></a><br
                                  clear="none">
                                <b><span style="font-weight: bold;">To:</span></b>
                                Kristofer Munsterhjelm <a
                                  class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E"
                                  href="mailto:km_elmet@t-online.de"><km_elmet@t-online.de></a>;
                                VoteFair <a
                                  class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E"
                                  href="mailto:electionmethods@votefair.org"><electionmethods@votefair.org></a>;
                                <a class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E"
                                  href="mailto:election-methods@lists.electorama.com">"election-methods@lists.electorama.com"</a>
                                <a class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E"
                                  href="mailto:election-methods@lists.electorama.com"><election-methods@lists.electorama.com></a>
                                <br clear="none">
                                <b><span style="font-weight: bold;">Sent:</span></b>
                                Monday, 5 June 2017, 18:19<br
                                  clear="none">
                                <b><span style="font-weight: bold;">Subject:</span></b>
                                Re: [EM] Resume: Proportional
                                multi-winner ranked voting methods -
                                guidelines?<br clear="none">
                              </div>
                              <div class="yiv7522587144y_msg_container"
id="yiv7522587144yui_3_16_0_1_1496653143426_13716"><br clear="none">
                                <div id="yiv7522587144">
                                  <div
                                    id="yiv7522587144yui_3_16_0_1_1496653143426_13718">
                                    <div
                                      id="yiv7522587144yui_3_16_0_1_1496653143426_13717"
                                      style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);
                                      font-family: Helvetica Neue,
                                      Helvetica, Arial, Lucida Grande,
                                      sans-serif; font-size: 13px;
                                      background-color: rgb(255, 255,
                                      255);">
                                      <div
                                        id="yiv7522587144yui_3_16_0_1_1496653143426_12079"
                                        dir="ltr"><span
                                          id="yiv7522587144yui_3_16_0_1_1496653143426_12078">By


                                          the way, a sensible Hare
                                          version of proportionality for
                                          solid coalitions would be that
                                          for a faction to be guaranteed
                                          s seats, then they should need
                                          s - 0.5 Hare quotas (or just
                                          over), rather than s Hare
                                          quotas. In the single-winner
                                          case, this would translate to
                                          50% of the vote. This is what
                                          Sainte-Laguë guarantees.</span></div>
                                      <div
                                        class="yiv7522587144qtdSeparateBR"
id="yiv7522587144yui_3_16_0_1_1496653143426_12071"><br clear="none">
                                        <br clear="none">
                                      </div>
                                      <div
                                        class="yiv7522587144yqt9110754160"
                                        id="yiv7522587144yqt52335">
                                        <div
                                          class="yiv7522587144yahoo_quoted"
id="yiv7522587144yui_3_16_0_1_1496653143426_12067" style="display:
                                          block;">
                                          <div
                                            id="yiv7522587144yui_3_16_0_1_1496653143426_12066"
                                            style="font-family:
                                            Helvetica Neue, Helvetica,
                                            Arial, Lucida Grande,
                                            sans-serif; font-size:
                                            13px;">
                                            <div
                                              id="yiv7522587144yui_3_16_0_1_1496653143426_12065"
                                              style="font-family:
                                              HelveticaNeue, Helvetica
                                              Neue, Helvetica, Arial,
                                              Lucida Grande, Sans-Serif;
                                              font-size: 16px;">
                                              <div
                                                id="yiv7522587144yui_3_16_0_1_1496653143426_12064"
                                                dir="ltr"> <font
                                                  id="yiv7522587144yui_3_16_0_1_1496653143426_12063"
                                                  face="Arial" size="2">
                                                </font>
                                                <hr size="1"> <b><span
                                                    style="font-weight:
                                                    bold;">From:</span></b>
                                                Toby Pereira <a
                                                  class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E"
href="mailto:tdp201b@yahoo.co.uk"><tdp201b@yahoo.co.uk></a><br
                                                  clear="none">
                                                <b><span
                                                    style="font-weight:
                                                    bold;">To:</span></b>
                                                Kristofer Munsterhjelm <a
class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E" href="mailto:km_elmet@t-online.de"><km_elmet@t-online.de></a>;
                                                VoteFair <a
                                                  class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E"
href="mailto:electionmethods@votefair.org"><electionmethods@votefair.org></a>;
                                                <a
                                                  class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E"
href="mailto:election-methods@lists.electorama.com">"election-methods@lists.electorama.com"</a>
                                                <a
                                                  class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E"
href="mailto:election-methods@lists.electorama.com"><election-methods@lists.electorama.com></a>
                                                <br clear="none">
                                                <b><span
                                                    style="font-weight:
                                                    bold;">Sent:</span></b>
                                                Monday, 5 June 2017,
                                                18:09<br clear="none">
                                                <b
                                                  id="yiv7522587144yui_3_16_0_1_1496653143426_13720"><span
id="yiv7522587144yui_3_16_0_1_1496653143426_13719" style="font-weight:
                                                    bold;">Subject:</span></b>
                                                Re: [EM] Resume:
                                                Proportional
                                                multi-winner ranked
                                                voting methods -
                                                guidelines?<br
                                                  clear="none">
                                              </div>
                                              <div
                                                class="yiv7522587144y_msg_container"
id="yiv7522587144yui_3_16_0_1_1496653143426_12123"><br clear="none">
                                                <div id="yiv7522587144">
                                                  <div
                                                    id="yiv7522587144yui_3_16_0_1_1496653143426_12125">
                                                    <div
                                                      id="yiv7522587144yui_3_16_0_1_1496653143426_12124"
                                                      style="color:
                                                      rgb(0, 0, 0);
                                                      font-family:
                                                      Helvetica Neue,
                                                      Helvetica, Arial,
                                                      Lucida Grande,
                                                      sans-serif;
                                                      font-size: 13px;
                                                      background-color:
                                                      rgb(255, 255,
                                                      255);">
                                                      <div><span></span></div>
                                                      <div
                                                        class="yiv7522587144qtdSeparateBR"
id="yiv7522587144yui_3_16_0_1_1496653143426_10847" dir="ltr">As I was
                                                        saying before,
                                                        while Droop
                                                        proportionality
                                                        has gained a lot
                                                        of currency as a
                                                        criterion, it's
                                                        just a special
                                                        case of
                                                        proportionality
                                                        for solid
                                                        coalitions. We
                                                        could just as
                                                        easily talk
                                                        about Hare
                                                        proportionality.
                                                        For example, the
                                                        Sainte-Laguë
                                                        party list
                                                        method doesn't
                                                        obey Droop
                                                        proportionality,
                                                        but is seen as
                                                        more
                                                        mathematically
                                                        proportional
                                                        than D'Hondt,
                                                        which does obey
                                                        it. But
                                                        Sainte-Laguë
                                                        does obey
                                                        proportionality
                                                        for solid
                                                        coalitions more
                                                        generally. The
                                                        point is that
                                                        Droop
                                                        proportionality
                                                        itself is not a
                                                        deal breaker for
                                                        a method, and I
                                                        find it slightly
                                                        overused.<br
                                                          clear="none">
                                                        <br clear="none">
                                                      </div>
                                                      <div
                                                        class="yiv7522587144yahoo_quoted"
id="yiv7522587144yui_3_16_0_1_1496653143426_10836" style="display:
                                                        block;">
                                                        <div
                                                          id="yiv7522587144yui_3_16_0_1_1496653143426_10835"
                                                          style="font-family:


                                                          Helvetica
                                                          Neue,
                                                          Helvetica,
                                                          Arial, Lucida
                                                          Grande,
                                                          sans-serif;
                                                          font-size:
                                                          13px;">
                                                          <div
                                                          id="yiv7522587144yui_3_16_0_1_1496653143426_10834"
                                                          style="font-family:


                                                          HelveticaNeue,
                                                          Helvetica
                                                          Neue,
                                                          Helvetica,
                                                          Arial, Lucida
                                                          Grande,
                                                          Sans-Serif;
                                                          font-size:
                                                          16px;">
                                                          <div
                                                          id="yiv7522587144yui_3_16_0_1_1496653143426_10833"
                                                          dir="ltr"> <font
id="yiv7522587144yui_3_16_0_1_1496653143426_10832" face="Arial" size="2">
                                                          </font>
                                                          <div
                                                          class="yiv7522587144yqt4964028973"
id="yiv7522587144yqtfd88723">
                                                          <hr
                                                          id="yiv7522587144yui_3_16_0_1_1496653143426_10846"
                                                          size="1"> <b><span
                                                          style="font-weight:


                                                          bold;">From:</span></b>
                                                          Kristofer
                                                          Munsterhjelm <a
class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E" href="mailto:km_elmet@t-online.de"><km_elmet@t-online.de></a><br
                                                          clear="none">
                                                           <br
                                                          id="yiv7522587144yui_3_16_0_1_1496653143426_10844"
                                                          clear="none">
                                                          <br
                                                          clear="none">
                                                          Perhaps Droop
                                                          proportionality


                                                          isn't the
                                                          exact
                                                          proportionality
                                                          measure <br
                                                          clear="none">
                                                          one would want
                                                          - for
                                                          instance, for
                                                          my Bucklin
                                                          methods, I've
                                                          tried to <br
                                                          clear="none">
                                                          base them on
                                                          divisor
                                                          methods rather
                                                          than on hard
                                                          quotas - but I
                                                          think <br
                                                          clear="none">
                                                          the concept
                                                          that "some
                                                          voters who
                                                          broadly agree
                                                          on a group of
                                                          candidates <br
                                                          clear="none">
                                                          should see one
                                                          of them
                                                          elected" is a
                                                          good one. That
                                                          is, that a
                                                          group of <br
                                                          clear="none">
                                                          voters can
                                                          have "their"
                                                          seat without
                                                          having to
                                                          agree on a
                                                          strategy.</div>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <div
                                                          class="yiv7522587144yqt4964028973"
id="yiv7522587144yqtfd64707">
                                                          <div
                                                          class="yiv7522587144y_msg_container"
id="yiv7522587144yui_3_16_0_1_1496653143426_10842">
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                                                          id="yiv7522587144yui_3_16_0_1_1496653143426_10843"
                                                          dir="ltr">
                                                          <div
                                                          class="yiv7522587144yqt6418950328"
id="yiv7522587144yqtfd33530"><br clear="none">
                                                          </div>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <br
                                                          id="yiv7522587144yui_3_16_0_1_1496653143426_10845"
                                                          clear="none">
                                                          <br
                                                          clear="none">
                                                          </div>
                                                          </div>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <div
                                                          class="yiv7522587144yqt4964028973"
id="yiv7522587144yqtfd23278"> </div>
                                                        </div>
                                                        <div
                                                          class="yiv7522587144yqt4964028973"
id="yiv7522587144yqtfd63573"> </div>
                                                      </div>
                                                    </div>
                                                  </div>
                                                </div>
                                                <br clear="none">
                                                <br clear="none">
                                              </div>
                                            </div>
                                          </div>
                                        </div>
                                      </div>
                                    </div>
                                  </div>
                                </div>
                                <br clear="none">
                                <br clear="none">
                              </div>
                            </div>
                          </div>
                        </div>
                      </div>
                    </div>
                  </div>
                </div>
                <br>
                <br>
              </div>
            </div>
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
      <br>
      <fieldset class="mimeAttachmentHeader"></fieldset>
      <br>
      <pre wrap="">----
Election-Methods mailing list - see <a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="http://electorama.com/em">http://electorama.com/em</a> for list info
</pre>
    </blockquote>
    <br>
    <br>
    <pre class="moz-signature" cols="72">-- 
Richard Lung.
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="http://www.voting.ukscientists.com">http://www.voting.ukscientists.com</a>
Democracy Science series 3 free e-books in pdf:
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://plus.google.com/106191200795605365085">https://plus.google.com/106191200795605365085</a>
E-books in epub format:
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.smashwords.com/profile/view/democracyscience">https://www.smashwords.com/profile/view/democracyscience</a>

</pre>
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