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<font face="Calibri"><b><span style="color: black; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;">Subject:</span></b><span style="color: black; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;">
Election-Methods Digest, Vol 152, Issue 8</span><span style="color: black; font-size: 14pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;">
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<font face="Calibri"> 1. Re: ?goal of a better election method? (fdpk69p6uq@snkmail.com)<br>
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<font face="Calibri">Message: 1<br>
Date: Sun, 12 Feb 2017 12:52:20 -0500<br>
From: fdpk69p6uq@snkmail.com<br>
To: election-methods@electorama.com<br>
Subject: Re: [EM] ?goal of a better election method?<br>
Message-ID: <13212-1486922215-391893@sneakemail.com><br>
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<span style="color: black; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><font face="Calibri">Hi
</font><a><font face="Calibri">fdpk69p6uq@snkmail.com</font></a><font face="Calibri"> (i.e. fdpl69):
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<span style="color: black; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><font face="Calibri"> </font></span></p>
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<span style="color: black; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><font face="Calibri">(i.e. fdpl69):<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>On Sun, Feb 12, 2017 at 6:48 AM, steve bosworth stevebosworth-at-hotmail.com<br>
|electorama electowiki/Example Allow| <9zz1sjkwvt@sneakemail.com> wrote:<br>
<br>
S: > My suggested goal for a single-winner election (e.g. for a president,<br>
> governor, or major) is Balinski and Laraki?s:<br>
> <br>
> ?The purpose of ? an election is to select, if possible, some candidate<br>
> who shall, in the opinion of a majority of the electors, be most fit for<br>
> the post?? (E. J. Nanson, quoted by Balinski and Laraki, *Majority<br>
> Judgment*, MIT, 2011, p.209).<br>
> <br>
<br>
<br>
(i.e. fdpl69)<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>:I definitely disagree with this quote, after learning of the difference<br>
between majoritarian and utilitarian systems. I'm solidly in the<br>
utilitarian camp now:<br>
<br>
The purpose of an election is to select the candidate who maximizes the<br>
utility/happiness/satisfaction of the voters. (*All* the voters; not half.)<br>
<br>
<br>
Also, ?... to determine as precisely as possible, the true aggregate wills<br>
> of electorates ?.? (Ibid, p. 388).<br>
> <br>
<br>
This sounds more like utilitarianism. If the electorate's positions on<br>
political issues are plotted in a multi-dimensional issue space, the winner<br>
should be the candidate who is nearest to their centroid (= the aggregate<br>
wills of the electorate). This goal is incompatible with the previous goal<br>
of majority rule.<br>
<br>
</font></span><a href="http://leastevil.blogspot.com/2012/03/tyranny-of-majority-weak-preferences.html"><span style="color: blue; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><font face="Calibri">http://leastevil.blogspot.com/2012/03/tyranny-of-majority-weak-preferences.html</font></span></a></p>
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<p style="margin: 15pt 0in 0pt; line-height: 15.75pt;"><a href="http://leastevil.blogspot.com/2012/03/tyranny-of-majority-weak-preferences.html" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue; font-family: wf_segoe-ui_light; font-size: 16pt; text-decoration: none; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-underline: none;">The
Tyranny of <strike>the Majority</strike> Weak Preferences</span></a></p>
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<p style="margin: 15pt 0in 8pt; line-height: 10.5pt;"><span style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-family: wf_segoe-ui_normal; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">leastevil.blogspot.com</span></p>
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<p style="margin: 15pt 0in 0pt; line-height: 15pt;"><span style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-family: wf_segoe-ui_normal; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Suppose you and a pair of friends
are looking to order a pizza. You, and one friend, really like mushrooms, and prefer them over all other v...</span></p>
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<font face="Calibri">S: In the context both of the <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>above article you referenced and my explanation of how HMJ works, I accept that HMJ could also produce the inappropriate result you describe, i.e. 2 friends imposing pepperoni on their vegetarian friend (i.e. given
</font></span><font face="Calibri">3 voters, they could “grade” the single pizza toppings as follows and giving pepperoni the highest “median-grade” represented as 5 (i.e. EXCELENT):</font></p>
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<font face="Calibri">Pepperoni -- 5, 5, 0</font></p>
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<font face="Calibri"><span style="mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Mushrooms
</span>-- 5, 4, 4</font></p>
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<font face="Calibri">However, given that these 3 are “friends” and they are talking with each other before the vote, I think both of us would expect them to vote differently using HMJ.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>They would vote follows for the topping most “fit” for this situation by giving Mushrooms the “highest-median-grade” of something like, 4 (i.e. VERY GOOD) and the option supported unanimously:</font></p>
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<font face="Calibri">Pepperoni -- 1, 1, 0</font></p>
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<font face="Calibri"><span style="mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Mushrooms
</span>-- 5, 4, 4</font></p>
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<font face="Calibri"> </font></p>
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<font face="Calibri">HMJ seems to be the method that would most clearly prompt (e.g. more than APPROVAL or SCORE) each voter not simply to think of her own personal preferences but to value the option that is best for the whole society concerned.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>The same considerations would seem most likely to apply to an election of a president by HMJ.</font></p>
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<font face="Calibri">Thus, I see HMJ as mostly likely to be both “<span style="color: black; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;">majoritarian
and utilitarian”.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>What do you think?</span></font></p>
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<span style="color: black; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><font face="Calibri"> </font></span></p>
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<span style="color: black; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><font face="Calibri">Steve</font></span></p>
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