<div dir="ltr"><div>You've mentioned that pushover-incentive spoils FBC. But I don't know of a way that failure could happen with this method.<br><br></div><div>If I top-rate Compromise & Favorite, that couldn't be any worse for Compromise than if I'd not top-rated Favorite...because top-ratings aren't conditional.<br></div><div><br></div><div>FBC and CD--That's a strong combination. <br><br></div><div>And the addition of that natural conditional feature to Bucklin is briefer & simpler to define than 3-Slot ICT. Probably suitable for a first replacement of Plurality.<br><br></div><div>With both methods, if you middle-rate Compromise in 3-Slot ICT, or conditionally approve Compromise in Conditional Bucklin, you aren't fully protecting Compromise.<br><br></div><div>Compromise could lose to Worst because you aren't helping hir get a top-majority in Conditional Bucklin. ...or because you didn't protect hir from truncation in 3-Slot ICT.<br><br></div><div>Neither has the amount of protection of a 2nd-rated (or 2nd-ranked) candidate in MMPO largely because neither has wv-strategy. But, of course MMPO would have little chance of acceptance....whereas Conditional Bucklin could be a successful Bucklin proposal, due to the naturalness of the conditional refinement.<br><br></div><div>Your objection to MMPO is of course a perfectly valid one. If people don't bother to ensure that less-liked candidates have maximum possible pairwise opposition, then Hitler could win because two people support him.<br><br></div><div>For hauling, a truck has advantages over a car, but there are various special dangers & precautions for driving a truck, as opposed to a car.<br></div><div><br></div><div>It's a trade-off. I admit that the price for FBC, Weak CD, & wv-strategy is high.<br><br></div><div>By the way, if there's a special "favorite-designation" on the ballot, separate from the ratings, then even a top-rating could be made conditional (upon the conditionally-top candidate having more favorite-designations than your favorite-designated candidatge)<br><br></div><div>And, with that separate favorite-designation on the ballot, there could be Conditional-Approval.<br><br></div><div>I notice that there are two e-mail addresses for EM. I'm sending this post to both addresses. If it posts twice, I'll know that they both work.<br></div><div><br>.Michael Ossipoff<br><br></div><div><br><br></div></div><div class="gmail_extra"><br><div class="gmail_quote">On Thu, Nov 3, 2016 at 8:53 AM, C.Benham <span dir="ltr"><<a href="mailto:cbenham@adam.com.au" target="_blank">cbenham@adam.com.au</a>></span> wrote:<br><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">I normally don't like explicit strategy devices, and (beyond considering it desirable to elect from the<br>
voted Smith set) don't care very much about the "center squeeze" effect.<br>
<br>
(I like truncation resistance, so I'm happy with some of the methods that meet the Chicken Dilemma criterion.)<br>
<br>
Nonetheless here is version of IBIFA with a device aimed at addressing the Chicken Dilemma scenario.<br>
<br>
* Voters mark each candidate as one of Top-Rated, Approved, Conditionally Approved, Bottom-Rated. Default is Bottom-Rated.<br>
<br>
A candidate marked "Conditionally Approved" on a ballot is approved if hir Top Ratings score is higher than the highest<br>
Top Ratings score of any candidate that is Top-Rated on that ballot.<br>
<br>
Based on the thus modified ballots, elect the 3-slot IBIFA winner.*<br>
<br>
("Top-Rated" could be called 'Most Preferred' and "Bottom-Rated" could be called 'Unapproved' or 'Rejected').<br>
<br>
To refresh memories, IBIFA stands for "Irrelevant-Ballot Independent Fall-back Approval", and the 3-slot version goes thus:<br>
<br>
*Voters rate candidates as one of Top, Middle or Bottom. Default is Bottom. Top and Middle is interpreted as approval.<br>
<br>
If any candidate X is rated Top on more ballots than any non-X is approved on ballots that don't top-rate X, then the X<br>
with the highest Top-Ratings score wins.<br>
<br>
Otherwise the most approved candidate wins.*<br>
<br>
<a href="http://wiki.electorama.com/wiki/IBIFA" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank">http://wiki.electorama.com/wik<wbr>i/IBIFA</a><br>
<br>
35: C<br>
33: A>B<br>
32: B (sincere might be B>A)<br>
<br>
In the scenario addressed by the Chicken Dilemma criterion, if all (and sometimes less than all) of A's supporters only "conditionally"<br>
approve B then the method meets the CD criterion. Otherwise it meets the Minimal Defense criterion.<br>
<br>
<a href="http://wiki.electorama.com/wiki/Chicken_Dilemma_Criterion" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank">http://wiki.electorama.com/wik<wbr>i/Chicken_Dilemma_Criterion</a><br>
<br>
<a href="http://wiki.electorama.com/wiki/Minimal_Defense_criterion" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank">http://wiki.electorama.com/wik<wbr>i/Minimal_Defense_criterion</a><br>
<br>
Of course it meets the Plurality criterion and doesn't have any random-fill incentive.<br>
<br>
The downside is that the use of Conditional Approval can cause a vulnerability to Push-over strategy.<br>
<br>
48: C<br>
27: B<br>
25: A>>B<br>
<br>
The A supporters are all only conditionally approving B, but that has the same effect as normal approval because B has a higher Top Ratings score<br>
than A. But now if 3 to 22 of the C voters change to C=A then A's Top Ratings score rises above B's so the "conditional" approval is switched off<br>
and then C wins.<br>
<br>
I dislike this "at the same time"-no-help failure, but the new result doesn't look terrible and of course if the B voters really prefer A to C then<br>
they were foolish not to conditionally approve A. If they'd done that then the attempted Push-over would have just elected A.<br>
<br>
(It crossed my mind to try to make Push-over strategising more difficult and riskier with the same mechanism I suggested a while ago for IRV<br>
or Benham that allows above-bottom equal-ranking, but that would have broken compliance with FBC.)<br>
<br>
Chris Benham<br>
<br>
</blockquote></div><br></div>