<div dir="ltr"><div><div><div><div><div><div>One nice advantage of XA over Bucklin is that the XA score of a candidate X varies continuously with the ballot ratings, while the median score does not:<br><br>Profile at time t for 0<t<1:<br></div><br></div>49 A(100), B(0)<br></div>49 B(100), A(0)<br></div>2 A(100 - 100t), B(100t)<br><br></div>The respective medians of the candidates jump discontinuously from 100 to zero and from 0 to 100, respectively, near t = 1/2.<br><br></div>The XA scores vary continuously in the same time interval.<br><div><div><div><div><div><br></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="gmail_extra"><br><div class="gmail_quote">On Mon, Oct 31, 2016 at 4:27 PM, Forest Simmons <span dir="ltr"><<a href="mailto:fsimmons@pcc.edu" target="_blank">fsimmons@pcc.edu</a>></span> wrote:<br><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex"><div dir="ltr"><div><div><div><div><div><div><div><div><br></div>And any method that fails Participation also fails Consistency.<br><br></div>However, this example is not as bad as it looks:<br><br></div>(1) It shows that Majority Judgment and other forms of Bucklin fail Participation in exactly the same way.<br><br></div>(2) Obviously, the voters were not aware of minimum strategy, i.e. to give max support to Favorite, and no support to Worst; No two-candidate election can fail Participation if the ballots are normalized.<br><br></div>(3) If the purpose of the ballots is to estimate the "worth" of the respective candidates on a scale of zero to 100, then we don't talk about "winner" or "loser."<br><br></div>Before the additional participants joined in, A's estimated worth (50%) was within one standard deviation (about 11 points) of B's estimated worth of 40%.<br><br></div>After the additional ballots are added, the estimation intervals overlap even more.<br><br></div>So the results are not inconsistent with the expected errors of estimation.<br><div><div><div class="gmail_extra"><br><div class="gmail_quote"><span class="">On Fri, Oct 28, 2016 at 8:56 AM, Toby Pereira <span dir="ltr"><<a href="mailto:tdp201b@yahoo.co.uk" target="_blank">tdp201b@yahoo.co.uk</a>></span> wrote:<br></span><div><div class="h5"><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex"><div><div style="color:#000;background-color:#fff;font-family:HelveticaNeue,Helvetica Neue,Helvetica,Arial,Lucida Grande,Sans-Serif;font-size:13px"><div><span></span></div><div class="m_-7145559719531096934m_5176886087992884739qtdSeparateBR" id="m_-7145559719531096934m_5176886087992884739yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1477659719414_6749" dir="ltr">I think Chiastic Approval would fail participation, assuming I've done this right. Take the following ballots with scores out of 100:</div><div class="m_-7145559719531096934m_5176886087992884739qtdSeparateBR" id="m_-7145559719531096934m_5176886087992884739yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1477659719414_6634"><br></div><div class="m_-7145559719531096934m_5176886087992884739qtdSeparateBR" id="m_-7145559719531096934m_5176886087992884739yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1477659719414_6661">2 voters: A=50, B=40</div><div class="m_-7145559719531096934m_5176886087992884739qtdSeparateBR" id="m_-7145559719531096934m_5176886087992884739yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1477659719414_6662">1 voter: A=50, B=60</div><div class="m_-7145559719531096934m_5176886087992884739qtdSeparateBR" id="m_-7145559719531096934m_5176886087992884739yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1477659719414_6663"><br></div><div class="m_-7145559719531096934m_5176886087992884739qtdSeparateBR" id="m_-7145559719531096934m_5176886087992884739yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1477659719414_6693" dir="ltr">A would have a score of 50. B would have a score of 40. Everyone gives B a score of at least 40, and only a third give B a score higher. Now imagine there are two extra voters and we have these ballots:</div><div class="m_-7145559719531096934m_5176886087992884739qtdSeparateBR" id="m_-7145559719531096934m_5176886087992884739yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1477659719414_6726" dir="ltr"><br></div><div class="m_-7145559719531096934m_5176886087992884739qtdSeparateBR" id="m_-7145559719531096934m_5176886087992884739yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1477659719414_6733" dir="ltr">2 voters: A=50, B=40</div><div class="m_-7145559719531096934m_5176886087992884739qtdSeparateBR" id="m_-7145559719531096934m_5176886087992884739yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1477659719414_6744" dir="ltr">1 voter: A=50, B=60</div><div class="m_-7145559719531096934m_5176886087992884739qtdSeparateBR" id="m_-7145559719531096934m_5176886087992884739yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1477659719414_6745" dir="ltr">2 voters: A=100, B=60</div><div class="m_-7145559719531096934m_5176886087992884739qtdSeparateBR" id="m_-7145559719531096934m_5176886087992884739yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1477659719414_6757" dir="ltr"><br></div><div class="m_-7145559719531096934m_5176886087992884739qtdSeparateBR" id="m_-7145559719531096934m_5176886087992884739yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1477659719414_6758" dir="ltr">A still has a score of 50, but B now has a score of 60. So these two ballots cause B to overtake A despite them both preferring A to B.<br><br></div><div class="m_-7145559719531096934m_5176886087992884739yahoo_quoted" id="m_-7145559719531096934m_5176886087992884739yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1477659719414_6567" style="display:block"> <blockquote id="m_-7145559719531096934m_5176886087992884739yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1477659719414_6566" style="padding-left:5px;margin-top:5px;margin-left:5px;border-left-color:rgb(16,16,255);border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid"> <div id="m_-7145559719531096934m_5176886087992884739yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1477659719414_6565" style="font-family:HelveticaNeue,Helvetica Neue,Helvetica,Arial,Lucida Grande,Sans-Serif;font-size:13px"> <div id="m_-7145559719531096934m_5176886087992884739yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1477659719414_6564" style="font-family:HelveticaNeue,Helvetica Neue,Helvetica,Arial,Lucida Grande,Sans-Serif;font-size:16px"> <div id="m_-7145559719531096934m_5176886087992884739yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1477659719414_6563" dir="ltr"> <font id="m_-7145559719531096934m_5176886087992884739yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1477659719414_6562" face="Arial" size="2"> <hr size="1"> <b><span style="font-weight:bold">From:</span></b> Forest Simmons <<a href="mailto:fsimmons@pcc.edu" target="_blank">fsimmons@pcc.edu</a>><br> </font></div><div class="m_-7145559719531096934m_5176886087992884739y_msg_container" id="m_-7145559719531096934m_5176886087992884739yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1477659719414_6574"><div id="m_-7145559719531096934m_5176886087992884739yiv9852368392"><div id="m_-7145559719531096934m_5176886087992884739yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1477659719414_6575" dir="ltr"><div class="m_-7145559719531096934m_5176886087992884739yiv9852368392gmail_quote" id="m_-7145559719531096934m_5176886087992884739yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1477659719414_6578"><div id="m_-7145559719531096934m_5176886087992884739yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1477659719414_6577" dir="ltr"><div class="m_-7145559719531096934m_5176886087992884739yiv9852368392MsoNormal" id="m_-7145559719531096934m_5176886087992884739yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1477659719414_6588"><br></div><div class="m_-7145559719531096934m_5176886087992884739yiv9852368392MsoNormal" id="m_-7145559719531096934m_5176886087992884739yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1477659719414_6587">Does it satisfy Participation?</div><div class="m_-7145559719531096934m_5176886087992884739yiv9852368392MsoNormal" id="m_-7145559719531096934m_5176886087992884739yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1477659719414_6586"><br></div></div></div></div></div><br></div> </div> </div> </blockquote> </div></div></div></blockquote></div></div></div><br></div></div></div></div>
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