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<b><span style="color: black; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><font face="Calibri">From:</font></span></b><span style="color: black; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><font face="Calibri">
Kevin Venzke <stepjak@yahoo.fr><br>
<b>Sent:</b> Tuesday, June 28, 2016 11:03 PM<br>
<b>To:</b> steve bosworth; EM list<br>
<b>Subject:</b> Re: [EM] The easiest method to 'tolerate' </font></span></p>
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<span style="color: black; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;"><font face="Calibri">Hi Steve,</font></span></p>
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<span style="color: black; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;"><font face="Calibri">K:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Majority Judgment [MJ] is a variety of "median rating" methods which I see as pretty similar.
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<span style="color: black; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;"><font face="Calibri">[….] The most noteworthy [of its] failures [are] Later-no-harm and Mono-add-top. (Both are failures that IRV does
not share.)</font></span></p>
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<span style="color: black; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;"><font face="Calibri">[….] I should note that while IRV does not have these issues, probably *most* of our proposed methods do, so they
aren't necessarily deal-breakers.</font></span></p>
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<span style="color: black; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;"><font face="Calibri">While median rating is more resistant to manipulation than Range, I still view the manipulation potential as bad.
For example, if you "defensively" rate A as zero, in the Later-no-harm example above, out of a quite reasonable fear that you need to do this to help B win instead of A, this is the type of thing meant by manipulation. It is less likely to have an effect than
in Range, but you will still have the incentive to do it.</font></span></p>
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<span style="color: black; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;"><font face="Calibri">My main distaste for median rating comes from my feeling that in most scenarios (i.e. availability of information
on others' rating intentions) strategic-minded voters would only use the top and bottom ratings. This is because (as we see from the Later-no-harm example) median rating doesn't really offer guarantees about how your ratings will be used in relation to each
other. </font></span></p>
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<span style="color: black; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;"><font face="Calibri">S:
<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>As I understand it, MJ does guarantee exactly how all the gradings will be counted but not how every voter will use them.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Belinski claims that MJ has the advantage of allowing each voter clearly to express his or her evaluation of each candidate.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>MJ invites each voter to ‘grade’ each candidate as being either EXCELLENT, VERY GOOD, GOOD, ACCEPTABLE, POOR, or REJECTED -- each candidate being graded according to each voter’s concept of an EXCELLENT candidate.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Thus each candidate would receive the same grade, independently of which other candidates are available, i.e. each grade (‘rating’) can be given not ‘in relation to’ the other candidates.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>He says that this also allows MJ’s not to violate either the Arrow or Condorcet paradoxes.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Do you disagree?</font></span></p>
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<span style="color: black; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;"><font face="Calibri">At the same time, in contrast to the use of any of the ‘traditional methods’ which still must violate these paradoxes,
Belinski argues that a MJ voter can only be up to half as successful strategically if she focusses instead on voting to maximize the chance that her favorite candidate will win.</font></span></p>
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<span style="color: black; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;"><font face="Calibri">Currently, these features incline me to see MJ as the best method for electing a President.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>However, you do not seem to agree, given your next sentence, even though ‘approval voting’ does not allow each voter to express the deferent intensities with which they might approve of the different candidates:</font></span></p>
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<span style="color: black; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;"><font face="Calibri">K:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>The rating/grade values have no independent, practical meaning. If [MJ] voters have this perception and respond with this behavior, then the method is just an overly complicated form of approval voting. In that case I'd rather just use approval, because
it's clearer what's going on. (There are arguments about whether median rating voters would actually try to be so strategic, and about whether it would be bad if they did, but I will skip over that.)</font></span></p>
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<span style="color: black; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;"><font face="Calibri">S: Given the above, it seems that MJ voters would be much less likely to ‘actually try to be so strategic’ and this
conclusion seems to be supported by the ‘Orsay experiment’.</font></span></p>
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<span style="color: black; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;"><font face="Calibri">[….]</font></span></p>
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<span style="color: black; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;"><font face="Calibri">K:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>I find a lot of methods tolerable, and I've designed a lot of methods too (most of them tolerable). I care about certain properties more than others, but the ones I like aren't even all compatible with each other.
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<span style="color: black; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;"><font face="Calibri">S:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Which ‘properties’ do you most care about?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>How are they ‘incompatible’ with each other?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Still, which method do you see as superior to MJ, all things considered?</font></span></p>
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<span style="color: black; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;"><font face="Calibri">K:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>In general I feel that election methods should produce an outcome that would be plausible if the voters had been able to gather and vote in person, just as a legislature.</font></span></p>
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<span style="color: black; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;"><font face="Calibri">S:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Why would you not see MJ as ‘plausible’ in this sense?</font></span></p>
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<span style="color: black; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;"><font face="Calibri">Kevin</font></span></p>
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<span style="color: black; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;"><font face="Calibri">Steve Bosworth</font></span></p>
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