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</o:shapelayout></xml><![endif]--></head><body lang=EN-US link=blue vlink=purple><div class=WordSection1><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>It occurred to me that the reason we are failing the Participation Criteria with Bucklin in the below example:<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:1.0in'>49: X:1st Y:4th<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:1.0in'>50: X:5th Y:4th<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in'>Y wins.<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in'><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in'>Now we add two votes:<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:1.0in'>2: X:3rd Y:2nd<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in'>X wins.<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>is because we are letting people skip grades/places. Or to put another way, if we asked the voters under Bucklin to fill out each ballot more strictly, ranking 1st through Nth where there are N candidates – I know that several do not like this approach, *<b>but</b>* my question is this – does *<b>strictly ranked</b>* Bucklin fail Participation??<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:1.0in'>49: X:1st Y:2nd<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:1.0in'>50: X:2nd Y:1st<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in'>Y wins on 1st round.<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in'><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in'>Now we add two votes:<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:1.0in'>2: X:2nd Y:1st<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in'>Y still wins on first round.<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>In other words, I *<b>think</b>* what’s bringing in the issues with Participation is the gaps in the ranking the first approach permits.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>Is it?<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>If so, it may be that Bucklin can be quite Participation compliant, so long as you take certain steps like mandating a ranked order among your choices on the ballot.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D;mso-ligatures:standard'>-Benn Grant<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D;mso-ligatures:standard'>eFix Computer Consulting<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D;mso-ligatures:standard'><a href="mailto:benn@4efix.com"><span style='color:#0563C1'>benn@4efix.com</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D;mso-ligatures:standard'>603.283.6601</span><o:p></o:p></p></div></div></body></html>