<br><br><div class="gmail_quote">2013/6/6 Abd ul-Rahman Lomax <span dir="ltr"><<a href="mailto:abd@lomaxdesign.com" target="_blank">abd@lomaxdesign.com</a>></span><br><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">
Another issue that was left a bit hanging in discussions on the CES list:<br>
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Does top-two Approval fail the Favorite Betrayal Criterion? There are really two forms of top-two Approval to be considered, plus a third detail.<br>
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1. Top two approval where two candidates advance to the general election.<br></blockquote><div><br></div><div>This fails FBC. I am sympathetic to Abd's arguments about how the electorate will change based on preference strength, and how well-informed voters will tend to find a way to avoid FBC failure, but that doesn't mean that it passes the criterion, merely that the failure is minor.</div>
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2. Top two approval where a candidate with a majority can win, otherwise two candidates advance.<br></blockquote><div><br></div><div>Still fails, although it's slightly better.</div><div> </div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">
3. If write-in votes are allowed in the runoff, the primary is actually a nomination device, not the actual election. The actual election being Approval, the combination must satisfy FBC if Approval does, and it does.<br>
</blockquote><div><br></div><div>This is true... but only if there's a hard threshold for making it to the second round. That is, "all candidates with over 1/3 approval advance", or some such; and if there are fewer than 2 such candidates, the highest approval wins in the first round.</div>
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(If write-in votes are allowed, in this concept, the runoff must also be Approval.)<br>
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Arizona had a method up for legislative passage that would have allowed municipalities to use a two-stage voting system with an Approval primary, top-two advancing to the general election with ballot placement, and, apparently, write-ins allowed in the general election (as well as in the primary). The primary has no majority test, it is top-two plurality, but voters may vote for as many candidates as they choose. The runoff is standard vote-for-one.<br>
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So, first of all, does this method fail FBC? If so, is the scenario plausible for real voters? These are nonpartisan elections.<div class="HOEnZb"><div class="h5"><br>
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