<br><div class="gmail_quote">(I don't know what happened to the paragraph-spacings in my previous post. In this re-post of it I hope to avoid the problem by writing a period at the beginning of each blank line. I consider paragraphs to be important for clarity)</div>
<div class="gmail_quote">.</div><div class="gmail_quote">The Mutual Majority Criterion (MMC), the Chicken Dilemma Criterion (CD), and the Condorcet Criterion (CC) are mutually compatible.</div><div class="gmail_quote"> .</div>
<div class="gmail_quote">They're all met by a well-known method: Condorcet-IRV. Condorcet-IRV says to do a CW search before doing the IRV count.</div><div class="gmail_quote">
</div><div class="gmail_quote"> .</div><div class="gmail_quote">Because there are different kinds of Condorcet, resulting in different meanings for CW, Condorcet-IRV is a broad term, covering TUC-IRV, IC-IRV, and Symmetrical-IC-IRV.</div>
<div class="gmail_quote"> .</div><div class="gmail_quote">(I use "TUC" to stand for "traditional unimproved Condorcet)</div><div class="gmail_quote">
</div><div class="gmail_quote"> .</div><div class="gmail_quote">I list two similar definitions. I don't know which is better</div><div class="gmail_quote"> .</div><div class="gmail_quote">TUC-IRV1:</div><div class="gmail_quote">
.</div><div class="gmail_quote">X beats Y iff more ballots rank X over Y, than Y over X.</div><div class="gmail_quote"> .</div><div class="gmail_quote">If there is exactly one unbeaten candidate, then s/he wins.</div><div class="gmail_quote">
</div><div class="gmail_quote"> .</div><div class="gmail_quote">Otherwise choose by an IRV count among all the candidates.</div><div class="gmail_quote"> .</div><div class="gmail_quote">[end of TUC-IRV1 definition]</div>
<div class="gmail_quote"> .</div><div class="gmail_quote">TUC-IRV2:</div><div class="gmail_quote"> .</div><div class="gmail_quote">X beats Y iff more ballots rank X over Y, than Y over X.</div><div class="gmail_quote">
</div><div class="gmail_quote"> .</div><div class="gmail_quote">If there is exactly one unbeaten candidate, then s/he wins.</div><div class="gmail_quote"> .</div><div class="gmail_quote">If all or no candidates are unbeaten, then choose by an IRV count among all the candidates.</div>
<div class="gmail_quote"> .</div><div class="gmail_quote">If some, but not all, candidates are unbeaten, then choose among the unbeaten candidates, by an IRV count with only the unbeaten candidates in the rankings.</div><div class="gmail_quote">
</div><div class="gmail_quote"> .</div><div class="gmail_quote">[end of TUC-IRV2 definition]</div><div class="gmail_quote"> .</div><div class="gmail_quote">---------------------------------</div><div class="gmail_quote">
.</div><div class="gmail_quote">Of course the sometime elimination of CWs is the source of IRV's instability. Condorcet-IRV avoids that problem.</div><div class="gmail_quote">
</div><div class="gmail_quote"> .</div><div class="gmail_quote">That instability is definitely a disadvantage for IRV. I feel that IRV's advantages, for the Green scenario, are great enough to justify IRV and make it desirable, in spite of its instability disadvantage. But Condorcet-IRV seems to fully retain IRV's impressive advantages, while avoiding its instability disadvantage.</div>
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</div><div class="gmail_quote"> .</div><div class="gmail_quote">With IRV, the preferrers of the CW might resent the CW's elimination. Maybe not. Maybe they'd just be glad that the winner is from the mutual majority (MM). But maybe, if election of their favorite is paramount to them, then they might resent hir elimination. The disfavored wing would certainly not like the election of someone from the opposite wing, instead of the CW. The disfavored wing, plus the CW preferrers add up to a majority, and so there could be a majority who are dissatisfied with IRV. That could lead to that majority throwing out IRV. Condorcet-IRV wouldn't be vulnerable to that Burlington outcome.</div>
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</div><div class="gmail_quote"> .</div><div class="gmail_quote">Condorcet-IRV would remove the win-big/lose-big gambling element of IRV, while retaining IRV's unique advantage of easy, strategy-free, sincere-ranking, choice for the members of the mutual majority (MM), while automatically guaranteeing the election of one of the MM's preferred candidates.</div>
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</div><div class="gmail_quote"> .</div><div class="gmail_quote">---------------------------------</div><div class="gmail_quote"> .</div><div class="gmail_quote">Similar methods:</div><div class="gmail_quote"> .</div><div class="gmail_quote">
Preliminary definitions:</div><div class="gmail_quote"> .</div><div class="gmail_quote">(X>Y) is the number of ballots ranking X over Y.</div><div class="gmail_quote">
.</div><div class="gmail_quote">(Y>X) is the number of ballots ranking Y over X.</div><div class="gmail_quote"> .</div><div class="gmail_quote">(X=Y)T is the number of ballots ranking X and Y at top.</div><div class="gmail_quote">
.</div><div class="gmail_quote">(Not ranking anyone over than, and ranking them over someone)</div><div class="gmail_quote">
</div><div class="gmail_quote"> .</div><div class="gmail_quote">(X=Y)B is the number of ballots ranking X and Y at bottom.</div><div class="gmail_quote"> .</div><div class="gmail_quote">(Not ranking then over anyone, and ranking someone over them)</div>
<div class="gmail_quote"> .</div><div class="gmail_quote">IC-IRV differs from TUC-IRV by saying:</div><div class="gmail_quote">
</div><div class="gmail_quote"> .</div><div class="gmail_quote">X beats Y iff (X>Y) > (Y>X) + (X=Y)T.</div><div class="gmail_quote"> .</div><div class="gmail_quote">Symmetrical-IC-IRV differs from the other two Condorcet-IRV versions, by saying:</div>
<div class="gmail_quote"> .</div><div class="gmail_quote">X beats Y iff (X>Y) + (X=Y)B > (Y<X) + (X=Y)T.</div><div class="gmail_quote">
</div><div class="gmail_quote"> .</div><div class="gmail_quote">--------------------------------</div><div class="gmail_quote"> .</div><div class="gmail_quote"> IC-IRV could have two slight advantages over TUC-IRV:</div>
<div class="gmail_quote"> .</div><div class="gmail_quote">FBC would be violated less often. Under current conditions, a method that violates FBC has a serious strategy problem in every election. But, under Green scenario conditions, that isn't so, and it counts for something if FBC is failed less often.</div>
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</div><div class="gmail_quote"> .</div><div class="gmail_quote">IC-IRV makes it easier to help a non-CW, non-reciprocating, compromise, if one wants to do so.</div><div class="gmail_quote"> .</div><div class="gmail_quote">
Symmetrical-IC-IRV brings IC improvement to the bottom-end, as well as the top-end. I don't know if that would bring any significant improvement over IC-IRV.</div><div class="gmail_quote">
</div><div class="gmail_quote"> .</div><div class="gmail_quote">---------------------------------</div><div class="gmail_quote"> .</div><div class="gmail_quote">I suggested, a long time ago, to the IRV organization now known as FairVote, something that I called "Approval IRV", which could be abbreviated "AIRV":</div>
<div class="gmail_quote">
</div><div class="gmail_quote"> .</div><div class="gmail_quote">Equal ranking allowed. Your ranking gives a full vote to each of your top-ranked candidates. When all of your rank N candidates are eliminated, then your ranking gives a full vote to each of its rank N+1 candidates.</div>
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</div><div class="gmail_quote"> .</div><div class="gmail_quote">In the language of my briefer definition of IRV, all of the not-crossed-off candidates who share the highest ranking occupied by not-crossed-off candidates, qualify as "topping the ranking".</div>
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</div><div class="gmail_quote"> .</div><div class="gmail_quote">Though it doesn't meet CC, AIRV still makes compromise easier, without favorite-burial, such as for protecting a CW.</div><div class="gmail_quote"> .</div>
<div class="gmail_quote">----------------------------------</div><div class="gmail_quote"> .</div><div class="gmail_quote">Bottom line:</div><div class="gmail_quote">
</div><div class="gmail_quote"> .</div><div class="gmail_quote">Though IRV's advantage, in the Green scenario, is enough to outweigh its instability disadvantage, that disadvantage can be avoided by Condorcet-IRV (or, to a lesser extent, by AIRV), while retaining IRV's great advantage of easy, strategy-free, sincere-ranking, choice, for the MM members.</div>
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</div><div class="gmail_quote"> .</div><div class="gmail_quote">In the Green scenario, Approval, Score, Bucklin, and IRV would be good methods. But Condorcet-IRV would be better than IRV.</div><div class="gmail_quote"> .</div>
<div class="gmail_quote">But the way, ERBucklin offers little over Approval if it doesn't have the delay that confers MMC compliance.But ERBucklin's MMC compliance is greatly compromised by ERBucklin's failure of CD.</div>
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</div><div class="gmail_quote"> .</div><div class="gmail_quote">There's little to recommend ERBucklin over Approval or Score.</div><span class="HOEnZb"><font color="#888888"><div class="gmail_quote"> ..</div><div class="gmail_quote">
Michael Ossipoff</div><div class="gmail_quote"> </div><div class="gmail_quote"> </div><div class="gmail_quote"> </div><div class="gmail_quote"> </div><div class="gmail_quote"> </div><div class="gmail_quote"> </div><div class="gmail_quote">
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