<div> </div><div>Juho:</div><div> </div><div>I again refer you to Balinski & Young, and to my web article on Sainte-Lague. And I'll repeat what I mean by SL's optimal proportionality:</div><div> </div><div>SL minimizes differences in seats per person (whether seats are being allocated to districts or to parties).</div>
<div> </div><div>Starting with a Sainte-Lague allocation, take a seat from one party or district, and give it to another. That will always increase the difference between those two districts' or parties' seats per person.</div>
<div> </div><div>You described something about LR that you like better. Fine.You have a different definition of proportionality. There's nothing wrong with that.</div><div> </div><div>Here's why I prefer my (Sainte-Lague/Webster's) proportionality standard:</div>
<div> </div><div>Seats per person is what it's all about. If we want perfect proportionality, we'd ideally like seats per person to be the same for all parties or districts.</div><div> </div><div>SL minimizes _differences_ between parties' or districts' seats per person. Why _differences_? For example, Hall's Folly (aka "Equal Proportions"), the apportionment method currently in use for the House of Representatives, minimizes the _factor_ by which seats per person differs among pairs of districts. Aesthetically, divorced from congressional (or parliamentary) voting considerations, Hall's standard would make a lot of sense. Hall evidently wasn't interested in the matter of which proportionality standard is relevant to voting in Congress.</div>
<div> </div><div>Say some Yes/No question is being voted on in Congress. For apportionment relevance, let's look at it as an issue between districts. District A and B disagree on that issue. In a Congressional vote, seat _differences_ are what matter. That's the number of congressmembers who'd have to be convinced to change their vote. That's the number that adds up overall to determine the outcome.</div>
<div> </div><div>Disricts, with a right to equal seats per person, have a right to expect differences in that fair ratio to be as small as possible. because differences in seats are what counts.</div><div> </div><div>Sainte-Lague/Webster minimizes differences in seats per person.</div>
<div> </div><div>So, for Congressional voting, Sainte-Lague/Webster makes more sense than Hall's Folly.</div><div> </div><div>But, again, if you prefer some other standard, of course that's your business. But you might want to compare your standard to what I've described here. And you might want to read Balinski & Young (B&L).</div>
<div> </div><div>> (Btw, was this the key property that makes LR unacceptable to you, when</div><div>> compared to SL?)</div><div> </div><div>The property that makes LR unacceptable compared to SL is that LR allocations have greater differences in seats per person.</div>
<div> </div><div>That, and the paradoxes, which are avoidable in party list PR and district seat apportionment.</div><div> </div><div>Those, and also the fact that LR is a two-part method, involving two entirely distinct successively-applied rules, the 2nd of which has nothing whatsoever to do with proportionality, and only spoils the proportionality achieved in the first part. </div>
<div> </div><div>> The purpose of that question was just to check that</div><div>> you don't claim that SL would always give optimal results or better results</div><div>> than other methods.</div><div> </div>
<div>I claim that SL will always give optimal results, better results than other methods.</div><div> </div><div>Mike Ossipoff</div><div> </div><div> </div>