<br><br><div class="gmail_quote">2011/11/8 Kevin Venzke <span dir="ltr"><<a href="mailto:stepjak@yahoo.fr">stepjak@yahoo.fr</a>></span><br><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex;">
<div><div style="color:#000;background-color:#fff;font-family:times new roman, new york, times, serif;font-size:12pt"><div><span>Speaking of quoting messages, I have to admit I don't understand how it is even supposed to be done under Yahoo. I can indent the message, and I used to be able to correctly quote plain text messages. But usually when I try to quote an html message I just end up destroying the formatting somehow.</span></div>
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<div><span>Anyway, to Jameson:</span></div>
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<div style="font-size:12pt;font-family:times new roman, new york, times, serif"><b><span style="font-weight:bold">De :</span></b> Jameson Quinn <<a href="mailto:jameson.quinn@gmail.com" target="_blank">jameson.quinn@gmail.com</a>><br>
<b><span style="font-weight:bold">À :</span></b> <a href="mailto:kathy.dopp@gmail.com" target="_blank">kathy.dopp@gmail.com</a><br><b><span style="font-weight:bold">Cc :</span></b> EM <<a href="mailto:election-methods@lists.electorama.com" target="_blank">election-methods@lists.electorama.com</a>><br>
<b><span style="font-weight:bold">Envoyé le :</span></b> Dimanche 6 Novembre 2011 20h23<br><b><span style="font-weight:bold">Objet :</span></b> Re: [EM] Toy election model: 2D IQ (ideology/quality) model<br></div></font><div class="im">
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<div>> 3. It is therefore reasonable to hope for a voting system that tends to<br>> elect centrists, but slightly less so than a Condorcet system.<br><br></div>Why would utility be considered more important than centrist? Or would it?<br>
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<div style="font-size:12pt;font-family:times new roman, new york, times, serif">Utility is <i><b>the</b></i> goal, almost tautologically. I mean yeah, there's plenty of ways you could criticize the model, or even the idea that the votes have anything at all to do with the utility that the voters will gain from a given candidate winning; but until someone comes up with something better, for democracy at least, utility is the best paradigm we have.</div>
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</div><div style="font-size:12pt;font-family:times new roman, new york, times, serif">I don't think I agree. Utilities are everpresent in simulations because they are a convenient way to represent the priorities of the voters. They can easily be generated from distances in space. But, it's not obvious that these priorities need to be aggregable (we could use a system where the "addition" of different voters'<var></var> priorities isn't even a straightforward task) and it's not obvious that maximizing the aggregation should even be a goal. You don't need to do it. </div>
</div></div></blockquote><div><br></div><div>I know there are proofs for a single agent that something equivalent to utility is the only way to have consistent priorities and avoid being "money pumped". ("You have A? OK, will you trade that and $1 for B? Now will you trade that and $1 for C? OK, now will you trade that and $1 for A? Heh heh heh, you just gave me $3 for nothing, fool.") I suspect you could prove something similar for aggregate agents (societies). Basically, utilities are the only way to avoid the Condorcet paradox.</div>
<div><br></div><div>I do not think that this means that utilities are somehow real. I do think that it is a pretty good argument for using a utility-based model.</div><div> </div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex;">
<div><div style="color:#000;background-color:#fff;font-family:times new roman, new york, times, serif;font-size:12pt"><div style="font-size:12pt;font-family:times new roman, new york, times, serif">I've said before that I prefer to look at sincere Condorcet efficiency and strategic incentives. </div>
</div></div></blockquote><div><br></div><div>While I'm advocating using utilities, I must say that we could do a lot worse than your plan. In particular, as I've said elsewhere, using utilities is no substitute for looking at strategic incentives.</div>
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<div style="font-size:12pt;font-family:times new roman, new york, times, serif">So you don't get one clean number from me, sorry. But I think it may be less artificial than aggregated utility.</div>
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<div style="font-size:12pt;font-family:times new roman, new york, times, serif">Furthermore I doubt that aggregate utility is likely to get you anywhere unique. Electorates in practice try to get sincere CWs elected. If someone ever pointed to a simulation and a scenario and a rule and said, "here is a concrete method by which we can favor higher utility candidates over sincere Condorcet efficiency" my intuition would be that their tools are underestimating the voters. When the sincere CW loses, it represents an error from the standpoint of what the electorate was trying to do. I think it would take some genius work to capitalize consistently on such errors, and gain more than is lost.</div>
</div></div></blockquote><div><br></div><div>I suspect that Majority Judgment does exactly that. My evidence? B+L's study that shows that MJ is the only system which does not elect almost solely centrists nor almost solely extremists, in a model based on 2007 France. That is to say, where Condorcet elected centrists, MJ sometimes elected extremists. And in my toy model, that is sometimes the right answer.</div>
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<div style="font-size:12pt;font-family:times new roman, new york, times, serif">All that said, I would be interested to hear if someone has made an argument that majority rule, as a sensible principle, depends on some other more fundamental principle.</div>
</div></div></blockquote><div><br></div><div>OK, here goes: utility is happiness and is the true goal. Majority rule is just the most strategy-proof principle which tends to agree with maximum utility. </div><div><br></div>
<div>That wasn't too hard.</div><div><br></div><div>I'm not actually a utility fundamentalist; I don't think that it's necessarily real. But yes, I do think that on the whole, it's closer to being a fundamental principle than Condorcet.</div>
<div><br></div><div>I also think that, even if it's not truer, people's brains are more set up to understand comparing some quality measure for each candidate, than comprehending a Condorcet matrix-based procedure. So even if the Condorcet criterion itself is easy to state so that people "understand" it, they're going to naturally feel more comfortable with a quality measure procedure (such as Approval, Range, MJ, SODA), than with a comparison-based one (such as any Condorcet, MMPO, IBIFA). Even IRV is seen as "less complicated" than Copeland//Approval because it's a linear, not a parallel, process, not because the rules are simpler.<br>
</div><div><br></div><div>Jameson</div><div> </div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex;"><div><div style="color:#000;background-color:#fff;font-family:times new roman, new york, times, serif;font-size:12pt">
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<div style="font-size:12pt;font-family:times new roman, new york, times, serif">Kevin</div>
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