<html><head><style type="text/css"><!-- DIV {margin:0px;} --></style></head><body><div style="font-family:arial, helvetica, sans-serif;font-size:12pt"><DIV>Kevin,</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV>><I> Or does it mean something that can be<BR></I>><I> read purely from the pairwise matrix?<BR></I><BR>"It's the latter, read from the matrix. "Absolute number" is in contrast to<BR>using margin or ratio."</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV>Thanks for that, but it isn't the concept of "absolute number" that I'm having</DIV>
<DIV>trouble with.</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV>What I don't understand is the difference between "winning votes" (which I'm<BR>familiar with) and "votes for", as they are both defined on page 13 of Marcus</DIV>
<DIV>Shulze's paper, pasted below.<BR><BR><BR><A href="http://m-schulze.webhop.net/schulze1.pdf">http://m-schulze.webhop.net/schulze1.pdf</A></DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV>
<DIV><snip></DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3>
<P>Example 3 (</FONT><I><FONT size=3 face="Times New Roman,Times New Roman"><FONT size=3 face="Times New Roman,Times New Roman">winning votes</I></FONT></FONT><FONT size=3>): When the strength of the pairwise defeat </FONT><I><FONT size=3 face="Times New Roman,Times New Roman"><FONT size=3 face="Times New Roman,Times New Roman">ef </I></FONT></FONT><FONT size=3>is measured </FONT></P>
<P><FONT size=3>by </FONT><I><FONT size=3 face="Times New Roman,Times New Roman"><FONT size=3 face="Times New Roman,Times New Roman">winning votes</I></FONT></FONT><FONT size=3>, </FONT><FONT size=3>then the strength is measured primarily by the absolute number </FONT></P>
<P><FONT size=3>N[</FONT><I><FONT size=3 face="Times New Roman,Times New Roman"><FONT size=3 face="Times New Roman,Times New Roman">e</I></FONT></FONT><FONT size=3>,</FONT><I><FONT size=3 face="Times New Roman,Times New Roman"><FONT size=3 face="Times New Roman,Times New Roman">f</I></FONT></FONT><FONT size=3>] of votes for the winner of this pairwise defeat. </FONT></P>
<P><FONT size=3><BR> </P></FONT>
<P><FONT size=3><snip></P></FONT>
<P><FONT size=3></FONT> </P><FONT size=3><FONT size=3>
<P>Example 5 (</FONT><I><FONT size=3 face="Times New Roman,Times New Roman"><FONT size=3 face="Times New Roman,Times New Roman">votes for</I></FONT></FONT><FONT size=3>): When the strength of the pairwise defeat </FONT><I><FONT size=3 face="Times New Roman,Times New Roman"><FONT size=3 face="Times New Roman,Times New Roman">ef </I></FONT></FONT><FONT size=3>is measured by <BR></FONT><I><FONT size=3 face="Times New Roman,Times New Roman"><FONT size=3 face="Times New Roman,Times New Roman">votes for</I></FONT></FONT><FONT size=3>, then the strength is measured primarily by the absolute number N[</FONT><I><FONT size=3 face="Times New Roman,Times New Roman"><FONT size=3 face="Times New Roman,Times New Roman">e</I></FONT></FONT><FONT size=3>,</FONT><I><FONT size=3 face="Times New Roman,Times New Roman"><FONT size=3 face="Times New Roman,Times New Roman">f</I></FONT></FONT><FONT size=3>] of </FONT></P>
<P><FONT size=3>votes for candidate </FONT><I><FONT size=3 face="Times New Roman,Times New Roman"><FONT size=3 face="Times New Roman,Times New Roman">e</I></FONT></FONT><FONT size=3>. </FONT></P><FONT size=3></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<P><FONT size=3><FONT size=3></FONT></FONT> </P>
<P><FONT size=3><FONT size=3><snip></FONT></FONT></P><FONT size=3><FONT size=3>
<P><BR></FONT></FONT><FONT size=3><FONT size=3>Chris Benham</P></FONT></FONT></DIV></div><br>
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