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Steve --
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<pre>When I say she is "rewarded," I mean that her second choice is elected.
When I say she is "punished," I mean that her last choice is elected.
When I say she is "neither" punished nor rewarded, I mean that neither her
first nor second choice is elected, due to either a tie for first place or an
otherwise indeterminate outcome.</pre>
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<p><br>I would simply consider that in 3 candidates race like this one
(A, B, C), a voter would be
<br>"rewarded" by electing is first choice, and "punished" when the third
choice is elected.
<br>If we use an objective function that describes the gain and loss obtaines
by truncation,
<br>we can measure the esperance of gain and compare the mean gain or loss
obtained
<br>by truncation. A +1 objective value for each rank amelioration would
fit.
<br>Thus in your example the reference tie could be considered as having
a zero value
<br>(1/3 + 0/3 - 1/3 = 0), a first choice win a 1 value, a second
choice win a 0 value and
<br>a third coice win a -1 value.
<p>The probleme is to do this job for a umonguous number of cases.
<br>Josh, still a computer expert? How many different cases could you simulate?
<p>Steph.</html>