[EM] Chicken Dilemma--To whom is it a problem?

[Michael Ossipoff]

On Sun, Oct 20, 2013 at 4:34 PM, Dick Burkhart <dickburkhart at comcast.net> wrote:
> The problem with Condorcet, SDSC, and the like is that they ignore crucial
> information - namely, the strengths of the voters preferences of one
> candidate over another. That is how mathematician Donald Saari can argue for
> the superiority of Borda, and why others argue for cardinal voting.

Sure, anyone can name any desideratum, and say that his proposal is
better because it has it. But the trouble is, that when you have one,
you don't have another.

Therefore, your voting-system customer has a right to hear your
explanation for why your desideratum, criterion or property is what
they should want.

For current condition, I stand by what I've said: Approval and Score
(Cardinal Rating) are hard to beat for current conditions, because
they meet FBC, and because, with any FBC-complying method, FBC's
benefit is achieved only by voting Approval-like. But I've also said
that ICT brings some further improvement, because the voter has the
option to vote Approval-like, or to try ranking, if s/he's brave
enough. and wants to vote _among_ hir favorites instead of maximally
voting them over worse candidates.

Different conditions call for different voting systems. Suppose we
elected a progressive government, a party that would give us open,
participatory and agenda-free media. With those media, and with the
voter-set who'd elect that government in the first place,
media-deception would no longer be a problem, and therefore, FBC would
no longer be necessary.

The latter conditions, described in the paragraph before this one, I
call "the Green scenario"...even though we'd have it when we elect
_any_ progressive party, be it GPUS, G/GPUSA, Justice Party, Pirate
Party, or a socialist party, such as SPUSA.

I claim that Green scenario conditions are more relevant, because or
current-conditions Republocrat incumbants will never give us or allow
us a better voting system. Why should they?

Not needing FBC would free us to look for other
properties-combinations. I claim that the combination of Mutual
Majority Criterion and no chicken dilemma is powerful, because it
strategically allows sincere voting for a mutual majority. If the
Condorcet Criterion can be added, that brings, to other voters as
well, less strategic need...and avoids dis-satisfie majorities.

If no one would ever vote strategically, then, who knows, maybe we'd
like Score. I don't know. Condorcet methods would then always choose
the Condoret winner (CW) whenever there is one (and there usually is
one). Though Social Utility (SU) is often cited as an advantage of
Score (but only in a completely sincere electorate), Condorcet
methods, when choosing the CW, do very well by SU. And they're good at
choosing the CW even wih voters who'd strategize in Score.

I like Score and Approval for current conditions, but for the Green
scenario, we can get improved properties.

There are Condorcet methods that meet the Mutual Majority Criterion,
don't have the chicken dilemma, and meet the Condorcet Criterion.

Michael Ossipoff
>

>
> -----Original Message-----
> From: election-methods-bounces at lists.electorama.com
> [mailto:election-methods-bounces at lists.electorama.com] On Behalf Of Michael
> Ossipoff
> Sent: October 20, 2013 7:16 AM
> To: Kevin Venzke; election-methods at electorama.com
> Subject: Re: [EM] Chicken Dilemma--To whom is it a problem?
>
> Just a few more words about a previous topic. Maybe a few things I've
> already said, but with additional things, and different emphasis:
>
> When I first proposed SDSC, I did so because it's something that the best wv
> Condorcet methods offer, and i wanted to name that desirable property, so
> that I could say which methods have it.
>
> Beatpath and Ranked-Pairs meet SDSC. Kevin, your 2nd example shows that IRV,
> Benham and Woodall don't meet SDSC.
>
> It's a desirabe property, but it can't be called a _necessary_ property. A
> failure of SDSC isn't an _outrage_.  A failure of the harder-to-fail,
> easier-to-meet Mutual Majority Criteion is an outrage.
> Here is a majority of the voters, all supporting eachother's
> candidates...and they lose?
>
> As for why SDSC-failure isn't an outrage, look at candidate B's
> win-qualifications, in your 2nd example:
>
> The B voters want B to be elected by a majority coalition that they don't
> support. They have no right to expect anything from that non-existent
> majority coalition.
>
> B isn't CW. There is no voted CW. If the B voters are sincere in their
> truncation, there's no sincere CW either.
>
> Maybe SDSC can be advocated for the rights of the A voters to support B to
> defeat C.
>
> Sure, and that's SDSC's justification. Probably, ideally, even a 1-sided
> "coalition", like the one in your 2nd example, should have the power to
> defeat C. When I introduced SDSC, it was because I considered the defeat of
> the despised to be the important thing. That's why you ike SDSC too.
>
> But a 1-sided coalition is a questionable thing. It can and will be abused.
> A _mutual_ majority coalition is solid and fully legitimate.
> That's why Woodall called his votes-only MMC "Majority for Solid
> Coalitions".
>
> Sure, ideally, on paper, SDSC looks good. Regrettablly, human nature spoils
> its on-paper merit...and thereby spoils the on-paper perfection of
> Ranked-Pairs and Beatpath for the Green scenario.
>
> And that is regrettable, because I like Ranked-Pairs and Beatpath for their
> elegant pairwise-based choice, and for SDSC. When something is so good
> theoretically, it's natural to want to ignore what would actually happen in
> real elections. (I acknowledge that Beatpath has proven its adequacy for
> organizations that don't have favorite-burial need or chicken dilemma).
>
> I don't know if MMC,CD, CC and SDSC are compatible. Probably not, because I
> don't know of a method that meets them all.
>
> I don't know of a method that meets MMC, CD and FBC either. That
> combination, too, is probably incopatible.
>
> Your 2nd example shows that CD, SDSC and Plurality are incompatible. I don't
> consider Plurality to be important, except maybe as a somethng that could be
> use by heavily-funded opponents, making it into something that it isn't.
>
> Michael Ossipoff
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
> On Thu, Oct 17, 2013 at 10:36 PM, Kevin Venzke <stepjak at yahoo.fr> wrote:
>> Hi Mike,
>>
>> First, regarding the CD criterion and SDSC: They are, it seems to me,
>> almost totally incompatible. Not just incidentally but even in their
>> philosophical approach to the situation. This is why CD makes me
>> skittish.
>>
>> CD says that when the votes look like this, and A is the winner:
>>
>> 26 A>B
>> 25 B>A
>> 49 C
>>
>> Then in this election, B cannot be the winner:
>>
>> 26 A>B
>> 25 B
>> 49 C
>>
>> "Votes-only" versions of SDSC say that C can't win. So if we were to
>> satisfy both CD and SDSC we would only be able to
>>
>> elect A (and I wouldn't see that as viable for a proposal
>>
>> personally).
>>
>>
>> In the scenario where B voters truncate, SDSC essentially
>>
>> wants to find a majority (even hidden beneath the unviable A
>> preferences) and count it if possible. This is similar in spirit to
>> FBC because it means that the A voters can defeat C while still
>> expressing their support for A. It doesn't
>>
>> harm B.
>>
>> But CD looks at this scenario and concludes that somebody deserves a
>> beating, and the only way to do it is to punish both A and B voters.
>>
>> My concern is that I think scenario #2 is likely in the "near term"
>> (given adoption of a rank method), and that it is likely sincere, or
>> at least not intentionally insincere.
>>
>>
>>
>>
>> ----- Mail original -----
>>> De : Michael Ossipoff <email9648742 at gmail.com>
>>>>  Sure. If they can enact a system that ensures they always have
>>>> incentive to vote as a mutual majority, then they don't have any
>>>> need of e.g. SDSC.
>>>>
>>>>  But this is a long ways off.
>>>
>>>>  Isn't there a sense in which it's
>>>>  "more realistic," as you say above, to be concerned about whether
>>>> methods satisfy SDSC, or other criteria which could be useful to
>>>> parties that can't win in the short term but want to at least
>>>> collect their share of the votes?
>>>
>>> I haven't evaluated by SDSC for quite a while. I used to apply it to
>>> compare some wv Condorcet methods to other methods, but I don't know
>>> how Benham & Woodall do by it.
>>>
>>> I'm not saying that I have a monopoly on saying what's practical.
>>> You're referring to a time before there is a progressive majority,
>>> right?
>>>
>>
>> Yes.
>>
>>>
>>> Before there's a progressive majority, there isn't any good outcome
>>> that we can hope for, and I feel that Plurality is the only voting
>>> system that we'll have.  And are you assuming that we can enact a new
>>> voting system under Republocrat rule? If we could, then, for current
>>> conditions, it would be best to have one that meets FBC. I just feel
>>> that if we could ever get a better voting system, it would probably
>>> be _after_ electing a progressive govt, via Plurality strategy.
>>>
>>> I'm in the odd position of having to ask how my own criterion (SDSC)
>>> applies.  ..for which conditions (current, or Green scenaio) it
>>> usefully measures merit...and in what way.  I remember the definition
>>> of SDSC, and that it shows some benefits of wv Condorcet. But wv
>>> Condorcet would undeniably give favorite-burial need, under current
>>> conditions. For Green scenario conditions then?
>>>
>>
>> No, I meant near-term conditions.
>>
>> SDSC is satisfied by WV methods, yes, but it's not incompatible with
>> FBC. Examples are MDDA, MAMPO, ICA, ER-Bucklin(whole). None are
>> Condorcet methods though (but ICA is quite close).
>>
>> I suspect that you, at some point, ruled out MDDA etc. due to the
>> chicken dilemma. Assuming we might agree that SDSC is useful for near-
>> term elections (and maybe we can't), I guess that there isn't going to
>> be one method that is both a good "near term" method and also a good
>> Green scenario method.
>>
>> Kevin Venzke
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