[EM] the "meaning" of a vote (or lack thereof)

[Warren Smith]

>Michael Allan:
The effect however of a single ballot is exactly zero.  It cannot
change the outcome of the election, or anything else in the objective
world.

--no.  A single ballot can change the outcome of an election.
This is true in any election method which is capable of having at
least two outcomes.
Proof: simply change ballots one by one until the outcome changes.  At
the moment it
changes, that single ballot changed an election outcome. QED.

Also, even in elections which can only be changed by changing a set of
(more than one) ballot,
ballots still derive meaning from that.



-- 
Warren D. Smith
http://RangeVoting.org  <-- add your endorsement (by clicking
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and
math.temple.edu/~wds/homepage/works.html