Lowest YES tiebreakers

DEMOREP1 at aol.com DEMOREP1 at aol.com
Mon Aug 3 13:33:32 PDT 1998


Once again I mention that any one stage election for executive, judicial and
issue elections has to especially replace the 2N runoff primary or 2N
nonpartisan primary that generally produces 1 or more majority winners in the
general election.

This leads in single/multiple N executive, judicial and issue elections to
having ---

1. A YES/NO vote and a number vote (1, 2, etc.) on each choice.
2. The YES majority choices go head to head using the number votes.  
3. Any choice winning in all of his/her/its head to head number vote test
matches (any N choices versus 1, remainder are assumed losers) gets elected.
4. If ties for 1 or more positions, then drop the YES votes in the last place
(or remaining last place) and recheck the head to head math.

Theory-Example
Elect 1 of 7 choices, 4 get YES majorities.
Number voting indicates nothing about acceptability.
Assume no Condorcet winner.
Some voters will say YES to none, 1, 2, 3  or 4 of the choices.
If the YES votes in 4th place on all ballots are dropped, then the tie might
be broken.
------
For p.r. Hare quota legislative elections, S seats---

Theory- 
Each choice with a Hare Quota (Q), if any, should get a seat.
YES majority choices, if any, should get a majority of the seats (voting
power).

YES or NO majority groups --- 
number of choices in group is  > S or < = S
votes for a choice is > Q or < = Q
That is, 2 x 2 x 2 = 8 possible math groups

1. A YES/NO vote and a number vote (1, 2, etc.) on each choice.
2. All choices go head to head using the number votes.
3. Any choice getting a Hare quota in all of his/her/its head to head number
vote test matches (any S choices versus 1, remainder are assumed losers) gets
elected.  [Like a Condorcet winner in a single winner election.]  If the
choice is a group, then at least 1 in the group gets elected.
4. The YES majority choices get a majority of the seats (especially for
parties) (if the number of choices in the group is a majority of the number of
seats).  Deduct the number of any step 3 winners.
    A. The YES majority choices go head to head using the number votes.
    B. If ties for 1 or more positions, then drop the YES votes in the last
place (or remaining last place) and recheck the head to head math.
5. A. All remaining candidates (remaining YES majority choices and NO majority
choices) go head to head for the remaining seats using the number votes.
    B. If ties for 1 or more positions, then drop the YES votes in the last
place (or remaining last place) and recheck the head to head math.  Repeat
step 5A.

To shorten the math a choice might be a party, a group of parties or a group
of individual candidates (with a limit of being in 1 group or subgroup to
avoid voter confusion).

Ballot Example---
A, B, C, D groups, A1 etc. individuals/ subgroups in group, I = Independent

             YES     NO      Number Vote
A
    A1
    A2
    A3
B
    B1
    B2
C
    C1
    C2
    C3
    C4
I1
I2
I3

Since the number of choices might be large (especially in an at large (one
district) election, the voters might to vote by mail/ phone/ email in order to
make more YES/NO and number votes.



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